YUSTINOV, RONALD (2026) REPRESENTASI STEREOTIP PEREMPUAN DALAM FILM PETAKA GUNUNG GEDE (Analisis Semiotika Roland Barthes). S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
This research is motivated by the persistent construction of female stereotypes that place women in subordinate positions through various media representations, including Indonesian horror films. The film Petaka Gunung Gede is compelling to study as it presents women within the contexts of mountain climbing, the biological condition of menstruation, myths, and the protective relationship among males and females. The research seeks to examine the formation of female stereotypes through visual and linguistic elements while revealing the denotative, connotative, and mythological meanings contained within the film Petaka Gunung Gede based on Roland Barthes' semiotics. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method with a critical paradigm. The units of analysis consist of scene excerpts, dialogues, expressions, gestures, actions, inter-character relations, settings, and cinematic elements related to the representation of female stereotypes. Data were examined using the interactive framework proposed by Miles and Huberman, consisting of data condensation, presentation of findings, and formulation of conclusions. The results of the study indicate that there are four main forms of female stereotypes in the film Petaka Gunung Gede. First, women are represented as individuals whose physical capabilities to perform strenuous and risky activities are doubted. Second, women are positioned as subjects who must receive protection from men. Third, women experience stigma based on the biological condition of menstruation, which is associated with taboos in mountain climbing. Fourth, women are constructed as a source of disaster through mountain climbing myths. At the denotative level, these signs depict the events and actions occurring within the story; at the connotative level, the signs form meanings regarding female weakness, dependency, stigma, and misfortune; whereas at the mythical level, these representations naturalize traditional gender values and patriarchal ideology. Thus, the film does not merely represent women as characters in a horror story, but also contributes to shaping social and cultural meanings regarding the position of women. Keywords: Female Stereotypes, Horror Films, Roland Barthes' Semiotics, Representation, Petaka Gunung Gede. Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh masih adanya konstruksi stereotip perempuan yang menempatkan perempuan dalam posisi subordinat melalui berbagai representasi media, termasuk film horor Indonesia. Film Petaka Gunung Gede menarik untuk dikaji karena menghadirkan perempuan dalam konteks pendakian, kondisi biologis menstruasi, mitos, serta relasi perlindungan antara kelompok lakilaki dengan perempuan. Kajian ini diarahkan untuk mengkaji bagaimana stereotip perempuan dikonstruksi melalui tanda visual dan verbal serta membongkar makna denotasi, konotasi, dan mitos yang terdapat dalam film Petaka Gunung Gede berdasarkan semiotika Roland Barthes. Kajian ini menerapkan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif yang berlandaskan paradigma kritis. Unit analisis berupa potongan adegan, dialog, ekspresi, gestur, tindakan, relasi antartokoh, setting, dan unsur sinematik yang berkaitan dengan representasi stereotip perempuan. Teknik Proses pengolahan informasi berpedoman pada model interaktif Miles dan Huberman, yang mencakup tahapan penyederhanaan data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat bentuk utama stereotip perempuan dalam film Petaka Gunung Gede. Pertama, perempuan direpresentasikan sebagai pihak yang diragukan kemampuan fisiknya dalam melakukan aktivitas berat dan berisiko. Kedua, perempuan ditempatkan sebagai pihak yang harus memperoleh perlindungan dari laki-laki. Ketiga, perempuan mengalami stigma berdasarkan kondisi biologis berupa menstruasi yang dikaitkan dengan pantangan dalam pendakian. Keempat, perempuan dikonstruksikan sebagai sumber petaka melalui mitos pendakian. Pada tingkat denotasi, tanda-tanda tersebut menggambarkan peristiwa dan tindakan yang terjadi dalam cerita; pada tingkat konotasi, tanda membentuk makna mengenai kelemahan, ketergantungan, stigma, dan kesialan perempuan; sedangkan pada tingkat mitos, representasi tersebut menaturalisasi nilai gender tradisional dan ideologi patriarki. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut, film tidak sekadar menggambarkan perempuan sebagai karakter dalam cerita horor, tetapi turut membentuk makna sosial dan budaya mengenai posisi perempuan. Kata Kunci: Stereotip Perempuan, Film Horor, Semiotika Roland Barthes, Representasi, Petaka Gunung Gede.
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