ALAM, M.SANDI PURNAMA (2026) RANCANG BANGUN PROTOTIPE SISTEM PENCARIAN ASET GUDANG MENGGUNAKAN NODE LORA. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
The main problem at the CV. Indonesia Bisnis Mandiri warehouse is the inefficiency of manual asset searching, which takes an average of 63.4 minutes due to a dynamic layout and stacks of paper up to 4–6 meters high that attenuate radio signals. This research aims to design and implement an IoT-based asset searching system prototype using LoRa (Long Range) technology to significantly reduce search time. The system is designed with a three-layer architecture, consisting of one tracking node (ESP32 and LoRa RA-02 433 MHz module), three gateway units strategically placed in the warehouse area, and a web-based monitoring dashboard with a MySQL database. Testing was conducted in two blocks with a total of 100 trials at varying distances from 20 to 100 meters under Line of Sight (LOS) and Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) conditions. The measured parameters included RSSI, SNR, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), zone estimation accuracy, buzzer response time, and search time comparison. The test results show that the system achieved optimal communication with PDR reaching 88–100% under NLOS conditions in the main zones. Zone estimation achieved 100% accuracy in areas with strong signals, and the buzzer feature was successfully activated with an average response time of 0.412 seconds. The main finding demonstrates that the system successfully reduced the average search time from 63.4 minutes (manual) to only 3.55 minutes, resulting in an efficiency rate of 94.42%. Thus, this prototype is proven functionally feasible and has the potential to become a low-cost asset searching solution for SMEs and the logistics industry in Indonesia. Keywords: IoT, LoRa, ESP32, Asset Searching, PDR, Time Efficiency. Permasalahan utama pada Gudang CV. Indonesia Bisnis Mandiri adalah inefisiensi pencarian aset secara manual yang memakan rata-rata 63,4 menit, disebabkan oleh tata letak yang dinamis dan tumpukan kertas setinggi 4–6 meter yang meredam sinyal. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan mengimplementasikan prototipe sistem pencarian aset berbasis IoT menggunakan teknologi LoRa (Long Range) untuk memangkas waktu pencarian secara signifikan. Sistem dirancang dengan arsitektur tiga lapis, terdiri dari satu node pelacak (ESP32 dan modul LoRa RA-02 433 MHz), tiga unit gateway yang ditempatkan secara strategis, dan dashboard berbasis web dengan database MySQL. Pengujian dilakukan dalam dua blok dengan total 100 kali pengujian pada variasi jarak 20 hingga 100 meter dalam kondisi Line of Sight (LOS) dan Non-Line of Sight (NLOS). Parameter yang diukur meliputi RSSI, SNR, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), akurasi estimasi zona, waktu respons buzzer, dan perbandingan waktu pencarian. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan PDR mencapai 88–100% pada kondisi NLOS di zona utama, dengan akurasi estimasi zona 100% pada area bersinyal kuat dan waktu respons buzzer rata-rata 0,412 detik. Temuan utama menunjukkan sistem berhasil memangkas waktu pencarian dari rata-rata 63,4 menit menjadi 3,55 menit, menghasilkan efisiensi sebesar 94,42%. Prototipe ini terbukti layak secara fungsional dan berpotensi menjadi solusi pelacakan aset biaya rendah bagi UKM dan industri logistik di Indonesia. Kata Kunci: IoT, LoRa, ESP32, Pencarian Aset, PDR, Efisiensi Waktu.
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