TUASIKAL, BAHAUDIN (2025) ANALISIS PELAKSANAAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA (K3) DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS PEKERJA MELALUI KOMPETENSI PEKERJA PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN RUMAH SUSUN DI PROVINSI ACEH. S2 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
Worker productivity in the construction sector is a strategic issue due to the complexity of tasks, high safety risks, and the need for competent human resources. The implementation of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) programs and work motivation are considered key factors influencing productivity, both directly and indirectly through improved worker competence. This study is a quantitative-explanatory research that aims to analyze the direct effects of compliance with OSH implementation and work motivation on worker productivity, as well as the indirect effects through job competence as an intervening variable. The research was conducted on a housing project in Aceh Province from October to December 2024. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey of 170 workers, using a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5, and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS version 22.0. Given the sample size was below the minimum standard, a bootstrapping technique was applied 30 times, increasing the total number of observations to 200. The results showed that compliance with OSH implementation had a significant positive direct effect on productivity (CR = 2.222; p = 0.042), and work motivation also had a significant direct effect on productivity (CR = 2.188; p = 0.043). Furthermore, OSH compliance significantly influenced job competence (CR = 2.619; p = 0.035), as did work motivation (CR = 2.041; p = 0.038). Job competence, in turn, had a positive effect on productivity (CR = 2.000; p = 0.048), serving as an intervening variable in the relationship between both OSH compliance and motivation with productivity. However, the mediating effects were relatively small, as indicated by the indirect contribution of competence (e.g., total indirect effect of OSH = 0.001), classifying competence as a pseudo-intervening variable in this model. These findings emphasize the strategic value of OSH adherence and sustained motivation in driving worker productivity in construction settings, while also suggesting that competence development, though significant, plays a limited mediating role. Keywords: OHS Compliance, Work Motivation, Competence, Work Productivity, Public Housing in Aceh Produktivitas tenaga kerja di sektor konstruksi merupakan isu strategis mengingat kompleksitas tugas, tingginya risiko keselamatan, dan kebutuhan akan sumber daya manusia yang kompeten. Pelaksanaan program Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) serta motivasi kerja dipandang sebagai faktor utama yang mempengaruhi produktivitas, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung melalui peningkatan kompetensi pekerja. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kuantitatif-eksplanatori yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh langsung kepatuhan terhadap pelaksanaan K3 dan motivasi kerja terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja, serta pengaruh tidak langsung melalui kompetensi kerja sebagai variabel intervening. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada proyek pembangunan rumah susun di Provinsi Aceh pada periode Oktober hingga Desember 2024. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei kuesioner terhadap 170 orang pekerja, menggunakan skala Likert 1–5, dan dianalisis dengan metode Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) menggunakan AMOS versi 22.0. Mengingat jumlah sampel awal di bawah standar minimal, teknik bootstrapping dilakukan sebanyak 30 kali hingga menghasilkan 200 observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepatuhan terhadap pelaksanaan K3 memiliki pengaruh langsung yang signifikan positif terhadap produktivitas (CR = 2,222; p = 0,042), demikian pula motivasi kerja menunjukkan pengaruh langsung yang signifikan terhadap produktivitas (CR = 2,188; p = 0,043). Selain itu, kepatuhan terhadap K3 juga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kompetensi kerja (CR = 2,619; p = 0,035), begitu pula motivasi kerja terhadap kompetensi kerja (CR = 2,041; p = 0,038). Kompetensi kerja terbukti berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas (CR = 2,000; p = 0,048) dan berperan sebagai variabel intervening dalam hubungan antara kepatuhan K3 dan motivasi terhadap produktivitas. Namun, besarnya pengaruh mediasi kompetensi tergolong kecil (misalnya total efek tidak langsung K3 = 0,001), sehingga peran kompetensi dalam penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai variabel intervening semu (spurious mediation). Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya pelaksanaan K3 yang konsisten dan peningkatan motivasi kerja sebagai strategi utama dalam mendorong produktivitas pekerja konstruksi, sementara pengembangan kompetensi tetap relevan meskipun memiliki efek mediasi yang terbatas. Kata Kunci: Kepatuhan Pelaksanaan K3, Motivasi Kerja, Kompetensi, Produktifitas Kerja
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