ISMIYATI, ISMIYATI (2021) MENURUNKAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN KARYAWAN KONTRAK DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DENGAN TEKNIK MENULIS EKSPRESIF DAN MENULIS NARATIF DENGAN MENJARAKI DIRI. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
This research was conducted to investigate the differences in expressive writing and narrative writing in reducing anxiety of contract employees during COVID-19 pandemic. It implemented a quantitative method with experimental independent group pretest-posttest test design. Sampling was carried out using purposive sampling technique. 42 participants managed to complete the experiment. Participants were assigned to 2 different groups using research randomizer. General anxiety variable was measured using an adapted and revised version of the DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety, and Stresses) scale. Job-specific anxiety variable was measured using the Job Insecurity scale. Data analysis was performed using Independent Sample T-Test and Paired Sample T-Test. The result of Independent Sample T-Test showed that there was no difference in anxiety reduction between expressive writing group and narrative writing group. This is because both writing interventions (expressive and narrative) have positive effects on reducing anxiety. The results of the Paired Sample T-test showed that expressive writing groups tended to experience increased scores in posttest. Meanwhile, participants in the narrative writing group tended to be stable on their anxiety scores. The immediate effects of writing interventions usually took the form of short-term increase in stress, occurrence of negative mood, increased physical symptoms, and decreased positive mood. After 1 week of follow up, the reduction was still significant. This shows that the effect of writing intervention can last even without further intervention. Overall, both expressive writing and narrative writing interventions reduced anxiety in follow-up period with lower average anxiety was found in narrative writing group than in expressive writing group. Therefore, narrative writing is more effective in reducing anxiety in contract employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. Keyword : Job Insecurity, DASS-21, Narrative writing with self distancing and Expressive Writing Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan menulis ekspresif dan menulis naratif dalam menurunkan kecemasan pada karyawan kontrak di masa pandemi COVID-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan desain eksperimen independent group pre-post test. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Jumlah sample sebanyak 42 partisipan yang menyelesaikan eksperimen hingga akhir.. Variabel kecemasan umum diukur menggunakan skala DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety, and Stresses) yang telah diadaptasi dan direvisi. Variabel kecemasan spesifik terkait pekerjaan menggunakan skala Job Insecurity. Hasil analisa data menggunakan Independent Sample T-Test dan Paired Sample T-Test. Pada Uji Independent Sample T-Test, hasil menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan penurunan kecemasan antara kelompok menulis ekspresif dan kelompok naratif, hal ini dikarenakan kedua intervensi menulis (ekspresif dan naratif) sama-sama memiliki dampak yang positif untuk menurunkan kecemasan. Pada Paired Sample T-test, menunjukkan bahwa pada fase post test kelompok ekspresif cenderung mengalami kenaikan skor, dan kelompok menulis naratif cenderung stabil pada skor kecemasan. Dampak langsung dari intervensi menulis biasanya berupa peningkatan tekanan jangka pendek, mood negatif, peningkatan gejala fisik dan penurunan positif mood. Setelah dilakukan follow up selama 1 minggu penurunan yang signifikan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh intervensi menulis dapat bertahan walaupun tanpa adanya intervensi. Secara keseluruhan, intervensi menulis baik menulis ekspresif dan menulis naratif keduanya sama-sama menurunkan kecemasan pada periode follow up dengan rata-rata kecemasan lebih rendah pada kelompok menulis naratif dibandingkan kelompok menulis ekspresif, sehingga menulis naratif lebih efektif dalam menurunkan kecemasan pada karyawan kontrak di masa pandemi COVID-19. Kata Kunci : Job Insecurity, DASS-21, Narrative writing with self distancing and Expressive Writing
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