NUR, MAULANA (2023) IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN KAMPANYE PARTAI POLITIK DI INDONESIA (Studi Kasus Komunikasi Politik Pada Dewan Pimpinan Pusat Partai Persatuan Pembangunan Pada Pemilu 2019). S2 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana-Menteng.
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Abstract
The 2019 election was attended by 16 political parties. However, of these, only 9 parties met the parliamentary threshold or parliamentary threshold. The limit park limit at the time was set at 4 percent. In the same contest, PPP won 6,323,147 votes (4.52 percent). This result made the "Ka'bah party" pocket 19 seats in Senayan, or the smallest compared to the other eight political parties. During the last several election events, PPP has never been the winning party in elections, and even the party's vote acquisition has always decreased. During the first election after the end of the new order, namely in the 1999 election, the PPP Party was in third place with 12.55 percent of the vote. In the 2004 election, the PPP party won 8.15 percent of the votes, a decrease from the previous election. Furthermore, in the 2009 election, the PPP Party's vote acquisition again decreased, namely as much as 5.32 percent. Even though it experienced an increase in 2014, namely 6.53 percent of the seats obtained by PPP, it did not increase. Finally, in 2019 the PPP Party's vote acquisition dropped further, namely obtaining a vote of 4.52 percent. This study aims to explore how the campaign management was implemented by PPP, especially at the same time the General Chair was involved in a legal case at the KPK. Using the Constructivism Paradigm and a qualitative case study approach, this study found that PPP won 6,323,147 votes (4.52 percent) in the 2019 Election. This means that PPP met the parliamentary threshold and managed to get 19 seats in Senayan, or at most smaller than the other eight political parties. It is known, the parliamentary threshold set at that time was 4 percent. It can be said that this acquisition was not appropriate or did not meet the targets set in the campaign planning, where PPP targets to get 50 seats. The failure to achieve this target was contributed by several factors, including party dualism and the arrest of PPP Chairman Romahurmuzy by the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) in an alleged case of filling positions at the Ministry of Religion (Kemenag) in the political year, just moments before the peak of the democratic party was held. Even though PPP has implemented campaign management, starting from planning, organizing, and so on, the political disaster has left PPP a little divided so that its cadres, especially legislative candidates, are chaotic in carrying out their own visions and missions, while party officials are preoccupied with internal conflicts plus with the involvement of the General Chair of PPP in OTT over the alleged bribery case for filling positions at the Ministry of Religion (Kemenag) by the Corruption Eradication Commission or KPK. As a result, apart from having to abandon sympathizers, PPP also had to be more aggressive in building strength and consolidating internally so that the on-track campaign planning went according to the original plan. From here, PPP is less able to anticipate conditions and mitigate problems. Pemilu 2019 diikuti oleh 16 partai politik. Namun, dari jumlah tersebut, hanya 9 partai yang memenuhi ambang batas parlemen atau parliamentary threshold. Diketahui ambang batas pada saat itu ditetapkan sebesar 4 persen. Pada ajang kontestasi itu pula, PPP meraih 6.323.147 suara (4,52 persen). Hasil itu membuat "Partai Ka'bah" mengantongi 19 kursi di Senayan, atau paling kecil dibanding delapan parpol lainnya. PPP selama beberapa event pemilu terakhir tidak pernah menjadi partai pemenang pemilu bahkan perolehan suara partai tersebut selalu mengalami penurunan. Pada saat pemilu pertama setelah berakhirnya orde baru yakni pada pemilu tahun 1999 Partai PPP menempati posisi ke tiga dengan perolehan suara sebanyak 12,55 persen. Pada pemilu tahun 2004 partai PPP memperoleh suara sebanyak 8,15 persen mengalami penurunan dari pemilu sebelumnya. Selanjutnya pada pemilu tahun 2009 perolehan suara Partai PPP lagi-lagi mengalami penurunan yakni sebanyak 5,32 persen. Walaupun mengalami kenaikan pada tahun 2014 yakni 6,53 persen kursi yang diperoleh PPP tidak bertambah. Terakhir pada tahun 2019 perolehan suara Partai PPP semakin anjlok yakni memperoleh suara sebanyak 4,52 persen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali bagaimana implementasi manajemen kampanye yang dilakukan oleh PPP terutama disaat bersamaan Ketua Umumnya tersangkut kasus hukum di KPK. Dengan Paradigma Konstruktivisme dan pendekatan kualitatif studi kasus, penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil bahwa PPP mengantongi 6.323.147 suara (4,52 persen) pada Pemilu 2019. Artinya, PPP memenuhi ambang batas parlemen atau parliamentary threshold dan berhasil mendapatkan 19 kursi di Senayan, atau paling kecil dibanding delapan parpol lainnya. Diketahui, ambang batas parlemen yang ditetapkan pada saat itu ialah sebesar 4 persen. Perolehan itu dapat dikatakan tak sesuai atau tak memenuhi target yang telah ditetapkan dalam perencanaan kampanye, dimana PPP menargetkan untuk mendapatkan 50 kursi. Tak tercapainya target tersebut disumbang oleh beberapa faktor, diantaranya dualisme partai dan tertangkapnya Ketua Umum PPP Romahurmuzy oleh Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK) dalam dugaan kasus pengisian jabatan di Kementerian Agama (Kemenag) di tahun politik, beberapa saat saja sebelum puncak pesta demokrasi dihelat. Meski PPP telah menerapkan manajemen kampanye, dari mulai perencanaan, pengorganisasian, dan lain-lain, namun musibah politik itu membuat PPP sedikit terpecah sehingga kadernya, terutama caleg, carut marut menjalankan visi-misinya sendiri-sendiri, sementara petinggi partai disibukan dengan konflik internal ditambah dengan tersangkutnya Ketua Umum PPP dalam OTT atas kasus dugaan suap pengisian jabatan di Kementerian Agama (Kemenag) oleh Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi atau KPK. Akibatnya, selain harus ditinggalkan para simpatisan, PPP juga harus lebih gencar menggalang kekuatan dan melakukan konsolidasi internal agar perencanaan kampanye on the track berjalan sesuai dengan rencana semula. Dari sini, PPP kurang bisa mengantisipasi kondisi dan memitigasi persoalan.
| Item Type: | Thesis (S2) |
|---|---|
| NIM/NIDN Creators: | 55219110050 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | PPP, political parties, campaign, management, election PPP, Partai politik, kampanye, manajemen, Pemilu |
| Subjects: | 300 Social Science/Ilmu-ilmu Sosial > 300. Social Science/Ilmu-ilmu Sosial > 302 Social Interaction, Interpersonal Relations/Interaksi Sosial, Hubungan Antarpersonal > 302.2 Communication/Komunikasi |
| Divisions: | Pascasarjana > Magister Ilmu Komunikasi |
| Depositing User: | ANISA DESI SAFITRI |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Aug 2024 07:14 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Aug 2024 08:21 |
| URI: | http://repository.mercubuana.ac.id/id/eprint/90776 |
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