NUGROHO, ROHMAN WIDIYANTO (2026) ANALISIS DEBIT BANJIR RENCANA DAN MUKA AIR BANJIR AKIBAT PERUBAHAN TATA GUNA LAHAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN HEC-RAS. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
This study aims to analyze the impact of land use change on design flood discharge and to evaluate variations in river water surface profiles using HEC-RAS hydraulic modeling in the Sengayam Watershed, Kotabaru Regency, South Kalimantan. The independent variable is land use change represented by variations in runoff coefficients, while the dependent variables are design flood discharge and flood water level elevation. The research utilized maximum daily rainfall data from 2010–2024 and multi-temporal land use data from 2005–2024 obtained through documentation study and satellite image interpretation. Hydrological analysis was performed using the Log Pearson Type III distribution, validated by Chi-Square and Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests to determine design rainfall for several return periods. Rainfall–runoff transformation employed the Mononobe method and the Nakayasu Synthetic Unit Hydrograph. Hydraulic simulation was conducted using HEC-RAS 6.3 with a steady flow approach based on the energy equation and Manning’s coefficient to generate flood water surface profiles at critical cross-sections. The results demonstrate that the expansion of built-up areas significantly increases peak discharge and river water levels, leading to overtopping risks under specific return periods. Existing channel capacity is insufficient to safely convey the design flood discharge, indicating the necessity of levee height adjustment with additional freeboard in accordance with national standards. The findings confirm that land use change substantially elevates flood risk, emphasizing the importance of integrated hydrological and hydraulic analysis in adaptive and sustainable flood mitigation planning. Keywords: design flood discharge, land use change, HEC-RAS, water surface profile, flood mitigation Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh perubahan tata guna lahan terhadap peningkatan debit banjir rencana serta mengevaluasi perubahan profil muka air sungai menggunakan pemodelan hidraulika HEC-RAS pada DAS Sengayam, Kabupaten Kotabaru, Kalimantan Selatan. Variabel yang diteliti meliputi perubahan tata guna lahan sebagai variabel independen yang direpresentasikan melalui perubahan koefisien limpasan, serta debit banjir rencana dan elevasi muka air sebagai variabel dependen. Data yang digunakan berupa curah hujan harian maksimum periode 2010–2024 dan data tata guna lahan periode 2005–2024 yang diperoleh melalui studi dokumentasi dan interpretasi citra satelit. Analisis hidrologi dilakukan dengan distribusi Log Pearson Tipe III yang diuji menggunakan metode Chi-Square dan Smirnov–Kolmogorov untuk menentukan hujan rencana pada berbagai periode ulang. Transformasi hujan menjadi debit dilakukan menggunakan Metode Mononobe dan Hidrograf Satuan Sintetik Nakayasu. Selanjutnya, pemodelan hidraulika dilakukan menggunakan HEC-RAS 6.3 dengan pendekatan steady flow berdasarkan persamaan energi dan koefisien Manning untuk memperoleh profil muka air banjir pada beberapa penampang kritis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan area terbangun menyebabkan kenaikan debit banjir rencana yang berdampak langsung pada peningkatan elevasi muka air sungai dan potensi luapan pada periode ulang tertentu. Simulasi menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas penampang eksisting belum sepenuhnya mampu menampung debit rencana sehingga diperlukan penyesuaian dimensi tanggul dengan tambahan freeboard sesuai SNI 8460:2017. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa perubahan tata guna lahan memiliki kontribusi signifikan terhadap peningkatan risiko banjir sehingga integrasi analisis hidrologi dan hidraulika menjadi dasar perencanaan pengendalian banjir yang adaptif dan berkelanjutan. Kata Kunci: debit banjir rencana, perubahan tata guna lahan, HEC-RAS, profil muka air, pengendalian banjir.
| Item Type: | Thesis (S1) |
|---|---|
| NIM/NIDN Creators: | 41120010002 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | debit banjir rencana, perubahan tata guna lahan, HEC-RAS, profil muka air, pengendalian banjir. |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology/Teknologi > 620 Engineering and Applied Operations/Ilmu Teknik dan operasi Terapan > 624 Civil Engineering/Teknik Sipil 600 Technology/Teknologi > 620 Engineering and Applied Operations/Ilmu Teknik dan operasi Terapan > 627 Hydraulic Engineering/Rekayasa Hidrolik 600 Technology/Teknologi > 620 Engineering and Applied Operations/Ilmu Teknik dan operasi Terapan > 627 Hydraulic Engineering/Rekayasa Hidrolik > 627.4 Flood Control/Pengawasan Banjir |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Sipil |
| Depositing User: | khalimah |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Apr 2026 04:03 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Apr 2026 04:03 |
| URI: | http://repository.mercubuana.ac.id/id/eprint/101949 |
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