IREFLITA, IFA (2025) ANALISIS EFISIENSI BIAYA PADA BANK KBMI 3 DAN 4 DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE DISTRIBUTION FREE APPROACH (DFA) PERIODE 2017 - 2022. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
This study analyzes the cost efficiency level of Indonesian banks classified under KBMI 3 and 4 by applying the Distribution Free Approach (DFA) through an intermediation lens. The research examines 16 conventional commercial banks, comparing two periods: pre-pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic, over six years (2017–2022). The analysis reveals a significant decline in cost efficiency during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period, driven by factors such as increased input prices (interest expense), reduced output (total loans), decreased fixed netput quantity (net contingent commitments), and a rise in non-performing loans (NPL). The findings indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted banking cost efficiency, primarily due to heightened economic uncertainty and reduced business activity. On average, state-owned banks (BUMN) demonstrated the highest cost efficiency, while foreign banks were the least efficient. Keywords: Cost Efficiency, Distribution Free Approach (DFA), Interest Expense, Total Loans, Net Contingent Commitments, NPL, KBMI 3, KBMI 4, COVID-19 Pandemic Penelitian ini menganalisis tingkat efisiensi biaya pada perbankan Indonesia dengan klasifikasi KBMI 3 dan 4 melalui penerapan metode Distribution Free Approach (DFA) melalui pendekatan intermediasi. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 16 bank umum konvensional dengan membandingkan dua periode, yaitu sebelum pandemi dan semasa pandemi Covid-19 selama 6 tahun (2017 – 2022). Hasil analisis mengungkapkan adanya penurunan signifikan dalam tingkat efisiensi biaya semasa pandemi dibandingkan sebelum pandemi Covid-19 yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain kenaikan harga input (harga beban bunga), penurunan output (total kredit), pengurangan kuantitas fixed netput (net komitmen kontijensi), serta peningkatan kredit bermasalah (NPL). Penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa pandemi Covid-19 memberikan dampak negatif terhadap efisiensi biaya perbankan, terutama akibat tingginya ketidakpastian ekonomi dan penurunan aktivitas bisnis. Hasil dari nilai rata-rata kelompok perbankan dari sisi efisiensi biaya bank yang paling efisien yaitu bank milik pemerintah (BUMN) dan paling tidak efisien yaitu bank asing. Kata Kunci: Efisiensi Biaya, Distribution Free Approach (DFA), Harga Beban Bunga, Total Kredit, Net Komitmen Kontijensi, NPL, KBMI 3, KBMI 4, Pandemi Covid-19.
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