FARIDAH, IDAH (2025) PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS YANG DIMEDIASI OLEH STRUKTUR MODAL DAN DIMODERASI UKURAN PERUSAHAAN (Studi Pada Sub Sektor Plastik dan Kemasan yang Tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada Tahun 2019-2023). S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
The objective of this study is to examine how liquidity influences profitability, with capital structure acting as a mediating variable and firm size serving as a moderating variable in the relationship. The research strategy applied is a causal study. The study population consists of seven companies in the plastics and packaging subsector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019–2023 period, selected based on predetermined criteria. These seven companies were chosen using a saturated sampling method. The analytical method used in this study was panel data regression. The findings reveal that liquidity has a positive and significant effect on firm size, while it has a negative and significant effect on capital structure. However, capital structure does not significantly influence profitability, and firm size likewise shows no significant effect on profitability. In addition, liquidity does not directly affect profitability. Nevertheless, liquidity has a positive and significant indirect effect on profitability through capital structure as a mediating variable, but it does not exert an indirect effect on profitability through firm size as a moderating variable. Keywords: liquidity, profitability, capital structure, firm size. Tujuan studi ini menentukan bagaimana likuiditas memengaruhi profitabilitas, dengan struktur modal selaku variabel yang memediasi dan ukuran perusahaan selaku variabel yang memoderasi hubungan tersebut. Strategi penelitian yang digunakan ialah studi kausal. Populasi penelitian terdiri 7 perusahaan subsektor plastik serta kemasan di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2019 - 2023, yang dipilih sesuai kriteria tertentu. 7 perusahaan dipilih menggunakan pendekatan sampel jenuh. Analisis regresi data panel digunakan sebagai metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian diketahui likuiditas mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap ukuran perusahaan dan likuiditas mempunyai pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap struktur modal. Sementara itu, struktur modal tidak berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas, begitu pula ukuran perusahaan yang juga tidak berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas dan likuiditas juga tidak berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas. Selain itu, likuiditas berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas secara tidak langsung melalui struktur modal selaku variabel mediasi, tetapi likuiditas tidak memberikan pengaruh tidak langsung terhadap profitabilitas melalui ukuran perusahaan selaku variabel moderasi. Kata Kunci: likuiditas, profitabilitas, struktur modal, ukuran perusahaan.
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