Social Construction of Technology (SCoT) dalam Virtual Learning (Studi pada SMK Nusantara 1 Kota Tangerang pada Pandemi COVID 19)

NURHALIDAH, NURHALIDAH (2021) Social Construction of Technology (SCoT) dalam Virtual Learning (Studi pada SMK Nusantara 1 Kota Tangerang pada Pandemi COVID 19). S2 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.

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Abstract

This study is conducted to determine how communication process of the Social Construction of Technology (SCoT) and communication disorders in virtual learning at SMK Nusantara 1 Kota Tangerang during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Learning since the COVID 19 pandemic forced students and teachers to do virtual learning. The determination made in the world of education during the COVID-19 pandemic made the teaching and learning process virtual learning carried out by utilizing information and communication technology. The study of technology in the context of social science is about the meaning of technology for students and teachers and how they respond to, and adapt to, the presence of technology. This study uses the theory of Social Construction of Technology (SCoT), a theory from Trevor J. Pinch and Wiebe E. Bijker. SCoT is the formation of technology that comes from social construction. This approach is technological development which is another form of social construction. SCoT was developed about how the social life of today's society can be formed using digital technology. The SCoT method of describing technological artifacts by focusing on the meanings given to them by relevant social groups seems to suggest a way forward. (Bjiker et al., 1993) This study uses qualitative research methods and constructivism paradigm. The data collection technique used was in depth interview. Samples was taken through purposive sampling method. Meanwhile, data analysis used Miles and Huberman Analysis Model with the stages of collecting data, data condensation, data display, and drawing and verifying conclusion. The results show that the implementation of virtual learning activities at SMK Nusantara 1 Kota Tangerang applies SCoT in the formation of social technology to explore forms of virtual learning during the COVID 19 pandemic. SCoT means that technology is not determined by technology design but there is an interaction between technology and its users. namely teachers and students. Thus, the desired instructional outcomes are created. However, the availability of the internet and problematic communication media and unsupportive environment have also become a nuisance in virtual learning. Keyword: Social Construction of Technology, Virtual Learning, learning instructional Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses komunikasi Social Construction of Technology (SCoT) dan gangguan - gangguan komunikasi dalam virtual learning di SMK Nusantara 1 Kota Tangerang selama masa Pandemi COVID 19. Pembelajaran sejak pandemi COVID 19 memaksa siswa dan guru untuk melakukan virtual learning. Determinasi yang dilakukan dalam dunia pendidikan di masa pandemi COVID 19 menjadikan proses belajar mengajar secara virtual learning dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. Kajian teknologi dalam konteks ilmu sosial adalah mengenai makna teknologi bagi siswa dan guru dan bagaimana mereka merespon, dan beradaptasi dengan kehadiran teknologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Social Construction of Technology (SCoT), sebuah teori dari Trevor J. Pinch and Wiebe E. Bijker. SCoT merupakan pembentukan teknologi yag berasal dari konstruksi sosial. Pendekatan ini adalah perkembangan teknologi yang merupakan bentuk lain dari konstruksi sosial. SCoT dikembangkan tentang bagaimana kehidupan sosial masyarakat saat ini dapat terbentuk dengan menggunakan teknologi digital. The SCoT method of describing technological artifacts by focusing on the meanings given to them by relevant social groups seems to suggest a way forward. (Bjiker et al., 1993) Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan paradigma konstruktivis. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan oleh peneliti adalah wawancara mendalam (in depth interview). Sampel diambil melalui metode purposive sampling. Sedangkan untuk analisis data, peneliti menggunakan model Analisis interaktif Miles dan Huberman dengan tahapan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan kegiatan virtual learning di SMK Nusantara 1 Kota Tangerang menerapkan SCoT dalam pembentukan teknologi sosial untuk mengekplorasi bentuk pembelajaran secara virtual learning di masa pandemi COVID 19. SCoT memberikan makna bahwa teknologi tidak ditentukan oleh desain teknologi tapi adanya interaksi antara teknologi dan penggunanya yaitu guru dan siswa. Dengan demikian, terciptalah instructional outcomes yang diinginkan. Namun, Ketersediaan internet dan media komunikasi yang bermasalah serta lingkungan yang tidak mendukung turut menjadi gangguan dalam virtual learning. Kata Kunci: Social Construction of Technology, Virtual Learning, Interaksi Pembelajaran

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