PENGARUH PANDEMI COVID 19, RASIO KEUANGAN, DAN FAKTOR MAKRO TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2017-2020)

HABIBI, HAFID FITRA (2022) PENGARUH PANDEMI COVID 19, RASIO KEUANGAN, DAN FAKTOR MAKRO TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2017-2020). S2 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.

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Abstract

In the era of globalization, all companies in various sectors are required to keep abreast of changes in order to be able to compete with competitors and be able to grow the economy, including manufacturing companies. Changes that affect the business world cannot be predicted by anyone so that bankruptcy can occur if the company does not have uniqueness because almost all companies show each other competitive advantages in order to achieve competitiveness. Therefore, every company really needs a bankruptcy analysis so that it can be a warning for companies to better evaluate their performance or finances that have experienced financial difficulties before the company went bankrupt.The study was conducted to analyze the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, profitability, liquidity, leverage, inflation, and exchange rates on financial distress. The research uses a quantitative approach with the type of explanatory research. The population of this study is all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2017-2020. The sampling technique used the Slovin formula, in order to obtain a sample of 244 companies. Data analysis used logit regression with the help of SPSS version 24 application program. The results found that profitability and leverage had a significant effect on the probability of financial distress in manufacturing companies in the basic & chemical industry sector, various industrial sectors, and the consumer goods industry sector. However, there is no influence between the COVID-19 pandemic, liquidity, inflation, and exchange rates on the probability of financial distress in manufacturing companies in the basic & chemical industry sector, various industrial sectors, and the consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2020 period. Keywords : Covid 19 Pandemic, Profitability, Liquidity, Leverage, Inflation and Exchange Rates, Financial Distress Di era globalisasi, semua perusahaan di berbagai sektor dituntut untuk terus mengikuti perubahan agar mampu bersaing dengan para pesaing dan mampu menumbuhkan perekonomian, termasuk pada perusahaan manufaktur. Perubahan yang mempengaruhi dunia usaha tidak dapat diprediksi oleh siapapun sehingga kebangkrutan dapat terjadi apabila perusahaan tidak memiliki keunikan karena hampir semua perusahaan saling menunjukkan keunggulan bersaing guna mencapai daya saing. Oleh karena itu, setiap perusahaan sangat membutuhkan analisis kebangkrutan agar dapat menjadi peringatan bagi perusahaan untuk lebih mengevaluasi kinerja atau keuangannya yang telah mengalami kesulitan keuangan sebelum perusahaan bangkrut. Penelitian dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pandemi covid 19, profitabilitas, likuiditas, leverage, inflasi, serta nilai tukar terhadap financial distress. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis explanatory research. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan manufaktur terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2017-2020. Adapun teknik penentuan sampel menggunakan rumus Slovin, sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 244 perusahaan. Analisis data menggunakan regresi logit dengan bantuan program aplikasi SPSS versi 24. Hasil penelitian menemukan profitabilitas dan leverage berpengaruh signifikan terhadap probabilitas terjadinya financial distress pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor industri dasar & kimia, sektor aneka industri, dan sektor industri barang konsumsi. Namun tidak terdapat pengaruh antara pandemi covid 19, likuiditas, inflasi, dan nilai tukar terhadap probabilitas terjadinya financial distress pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor industri dasar & kimia, sektor aneka industri, dan sektor industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2017-2020. Kata Kunci : Pandemi Covid 19, Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Leverage, Inflasi, Serta Nilai Tukar, Financial Distress

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