KOMUNIKOLOGI EKSISTENSIAL PATAFISIKA (GROUNDED RESEARCH TENTANG EKSISTENSI DAN REALITAS KOMUNIKASI SISWA RSNBI SMA NEGERI 2 DAN RSBI SMA NEGERI 6 BOGOR)

MISNAN, MISNAN (2011) KOMUNIKOLOGI EKSISTENSIAL PATAFISIKA (GROUNDED RESEARCH TENTANG EKSISTENSI DAN REALITAS KOMUNIKASI SISWA RSNBI SMA NEGERI 2 DAN RSBI SMA NEGERI 6 BOGOR). S2 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana.

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Abstract

The problems studied are the reality and existence of RSBI students communication at SMA Negeri 2 and SMA Negeri 6 Bogor that is associated with a philosophical concept "exist (student)" regarded as "there is communication" (the exist as a communication) and the communication is then considered as image (the communication as an image) so that further developed through the grounded research, until the obtainment of study / perspective / approach / type of research that the present writer is namely as the pataphysics existential communicology. The object of research is RSBI new classes was first held, as many as 2 classes between 9 classes in SMA Negeri 2 and SMA Negeri 6 Bogor. These students are in the classes that get special treatment by the school, which raised various criticisms and negative discourse that continues to grow, both interstudents as well as with teachers. The method used was grounded research, which means it can doubt that existing research methods, improve or repair existing research, rejecting the existing research, or finding an entirely new research. Therefore automatically grounded research is also grounded theory, it can also doubt theory, improve or repair theory, reject theory or find theory. The reality of the communication that happens is the symbolic conflict between RSBI students with regular students and teachers, because "there is RSBI student" is considered as "a student who sent message" or "there is communication" (the exist as a communication). Thus, existentially, the communication is "exist" because there is a sense, as an epistemological object of paradigm 2 in communication research. Furthermore, because communication is then regarded as an attempt 'image generation", it can be said that communication is the image of RSBI students (the communication as an image). Based on the both premises can be also concluded that "there is a RSBI student" means "there is image" (the exist as an image). In describing the phenomenon of communication, qualitative data obtained through the phenomenological field, as the strategy of phenomenology, but the next stages of analysis of the resulting text has been done through a semiotical process, then there is happened the triangulation method, namely semiotics-phenomenology, which is be but the methodology of the study of communicology. The communicology concept that sees "there is a man" among others definite "there is communication", then the communicology with in the meaning of existential communicology, which it historically was born as a deconstructive correction of transcendental phenomenology. According to the era of development, namely in the postmodern era, or the era of image, or postmetaphysics era or pataphysics era, which is strongly influenced by the ideas of Umberto Eco with the theory of lies, with the theory of deconstruction Jacques Derrida, Michael Foucault’s genealogy and Jean Baudrillard’s simulation, then the existential communicology, here in after referred to "pataphysics existential communicology". Permasalahan yang diteliti adalah realitas dan eksistensi komunikasi siswa RSBI di SMA Negeri 2 dan SMA Negeri 6 Bogor yang ternyata berkaitan dengan konsep filosofis “ada (siswa)” dianggap sebagai “ada komunikasi” (the exist as a communication) dan komunikasi tersebut kemudian dianggap sebagai citra (the communication as an image) sehingga dikembangkan lebih lanjut melalui grounded research, sampai didapatkannya studi/perspektif/pendekatan/jenis riset yang penulis sebut sebagai komunikologi-eksistensial-patafisika. Objek penelitian adalah kelas RSBI yang baru pertama kali diadakan, sebanyak 2 kelas di antara 9 kelas di SMA Negeri 2 dan SMA Negeri 6 Bogor. Siswa-siswa ini berada pada kelas yang diperlakukan istimewa oleh pihak sekolah, sehingga timbul berbagai kritik dan wacana negatif yang terus berkembang, baik antarsiswa maupun dengan guru. Metode yang digunakan adalah grounded research, yang berarti dapat meragukan metode riset yang sudah ada, menyempurnakan atau memperbaiki riset yang sudah ada, menolak riset yang sudah ada, atau menemukan riset yang sama sekali baru. Oleh karena grounded research secara otomatis adalah juga grounded theory, maka dapat pula meragukan teori, memperbaki teori, menolak teori atau menemukan teori. Realitas komunikasi yang terjadi adalah konflik simbolik antara siswa kelas RSBI dengan siswa kelas reguler dan guru pengajar, akibat “ada siswa RSBI” dianggap “ada siswa yang mengirim pesan” atau “ada komunikasi” (the exist as a communication). Jadi, secara eksistensial, komunikasi itu “ada” karena ada yang memaknai, sesuai paradigma 2 dalam epistemologis objek penelitian komunikasi. Selanjutnya, oleh karena komunikasi tersebut kemudian dianggap sebagai upaya ‘pembangkitan citra”, maka dapat dikatakan bahwa komunikasi siswa RSBI adalah citra (the communication as an image). Berdasarkan kedua premis tersebut dapat pula disimpulkan bahwa “ada siswa RSBI” berarti “ada citra” (the exist as an image). Dalam mendeskripsikan fenomena komunikasi tersebut, data kualitatif lapangan diperoleh melalui proses fenomenologis, sebagaimana strategi fenomenologi, namun tahap selanjutnya analisis dari teks yang dihasilkan sudah dilakukan melalui proses semiotis, maka terjadi proses triangulasi metode, yakni semiotik-fenomenologi, yang tidak lain adalah metodologi dari studi komunikologi. Konsep komunikologi yang memandang “ada manusia” di antara liyan pasti “ada komunikasi”, maka komunikologi yang dimaksud adalah komunikologi eksistensial, yang secara historis lahir sebagai koreksi dekonstruktif terhadap fenomenologi transendental. Sesuai era perkembangannya, yakni di era postmodern, atau era citra, atau era posmetafisika atau era patafisika, yang sangat dipengaruhi oleh pemikiran Umberto Eco dengan teori dusta, Jacques Derrida dengan teori dekonstruksi, Michael Foucault dengan teori genealogi dan Jean Baudrillard dengan teori simulasi, maka komunikologi eksistensial yang dimaksud, selanjutnya disebut sebagai “komunikologi – eksistensial – patafisika” (KEP).

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