IQBAL, MUHAMMAD (2021) PERBAIKAN JUMLAH TEGANGAN DARI GANGGUAN SHADING UNTUK MEMAKSIMALKAN TEGANGAN OUTPUT PADA SOLAR CELL. S2 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
The performance of photovoltaic cells depends on the intensity of sunlight and the cleanliness of the cells. One of the factors that affect the performance of photovoltaic cells is shading because it can reduce the intensity of solar radiation on the cells. However, some PLTS areas have trees and buildings around them that can partially cover the surface of the solar panels. This study aims to design a system that can improve the amount of voltage from shading disturbances to maximize the output voltage on the solar cell by using a reflector in the form of a flat mirror. Researchers used a reflector in the form of a flat mirror measuring 200 x 100 cm. Reflector with an angle of 700 produces maximum output voltage, current and power. The results of measuring the output voltage, current and power with and without a maximum reflector at 11.00 to 13.00, where the results of the measurement of the average output voltage before using the reflector is 230.03 Volts and after using the reflector is 301.47 Volts with an angle of 70°. The ratio of the percentage increase in the value of the highest average voltage is at an angle of 70° or 23%, while the average current is also at an angle of 70° at 9.55% and power with the highest average value is at an angle of 70° at 31.11 %. The change in the increase in the value of the highest average voltage is at an angle of 600 to 70° of 11.54 Volts. The range or the highest limit for changes in voltage, current and power is between an angle of 600 and an angle of 700. The more reflected light hits the surface of the solar panel and illuminates the shading area, the greater the increase in output voltage, current and power, and vice versa. Keywords: Solar Energy, Photovoltaic, Shading, Reflectors, Flat Mirrors, Kinerja sel fotovoltaik tergantung pada intensitas penyinaran matahari dan kondisi kebersihan sel. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja sel fotovoltaik adalah shading karena dapat mengurangi intensitas penyinaran matahari pada sel. Namun, beberapa area PLTS terdapat pohon dan gedung disekitarnya yang dapat menutupi sebagian permukaan panel surya. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sistem yang dapat memperbaiki jumlah tegangan dari gangguan shading untuk memaksimalkan tegangan output pada solar cell dengan menggunakan reflector berupa cermin datar. Peneliti menggunakan reflector berupa cermin datar berukuran 200 x 100 cm. Reflector dengan sudut 700 menghasilkan output tegangan, arus dan daya lebih maksimal . Hasil pengukuran output tegangan, arus dan daya dengan dan tanpa reflector maksimal pada pukul 11.00 sampai 13.00, dimana hasil pengukuran rata - rata output tegangan sebelum menggunakan reflector sebesar 230,03 Volt dan setelah menggunakan reflector sebesar 301,47 Volt dengan sudut 70°. Perbandingan persentase kenaikan nilai tegangan rata – rata tertinggi berada pada sudut 70° atau sebesar 23 %, sedangkan arus rata – rata juga berada pada sudut 70° sebesar 9,55 % dan daya dengan nilai rata – rata tertinggi berada pada sudut 70° sebesar 31.11 %. Perubahan kenaikan nilai tegangan rata – rata tertinggi berada ada pada sudut 600 ke 70° sebesar 11,54 Volt. Range atau batas tertinggi untuk perubahan tegangan, arus dan daya berada antara sudut 600 dan sudut 700 . Semakin banyak sinar pantul yang mengenai permukaan panel surya dan menyinari area shading maka semakin besar pula kenaikan output tegangan, arus maupun daya, begitu pula sebaliknya. Kata Kunci : Energi Surya, Fotovoltaik, Bayangan, Reflector, Cermin Datar,
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