WAHYU PERMADI, RIZKY (2020) KAJIAN PERBANDINGAN RESPON DINAMIK PADA BANGUNAN SOFT STORY DAN NON SOFT STORY AKIBAT EKSITASI GEMPA. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
On-storey building lots, damage or collapse of buildings in the quake caused more by the selection of structural systems are not able to dissipate the energy of vibration caused by the earthquake well. Widhianto et al. (2013) conducted a study on a 20-story building regarding the soft story effect study on high-rise buildings located in earthquake zone 3 which are designed on the 6th and 7th floors to function as a swimming pool. Results from these studies suggests that changes in shear force suddenly on soft column story that resulted in a faster deformation overall structure on the building. This research was conducted from March 2020 to July 2020, during that time, the authors conducted an analysis of a 30-story building with a discontinuous variation of shear walls on the ground floor using the 2013 ETABS application. The method that has been used that is dynamic response spectrum analysis. It is expected that the results of the analysis will show that the model design has a soft story. From the analysis that has been carried out, it shows that the existence of a discontinuous shear wall on the ground floor causes the lateral stiffness in the floor to be less than 70% to 60% of the level stiffness above it. The variety of vibrations that occur in the soft story have a greater displacement on the floor where the shear wall is discontinuous. The dynamic base shear force before the scale on the soft story is greater than the non soft story in the X and Y directions. The value of the base shear force of the soft story in the X direction is 6103.13 kN while the non soft story is 5954.62 kN and in the Y direction the soft story shear force is 4400.37 kN while the non soft story is 4298.46 kN. Story drift in the soft story on the ground floor is very large in the X direction of 99.55 mm and the Y direction of 96.25 mm. Absorptive capacity of the shear forces on the soft story on the ground floor undergo significant changes, the columns are located just below the shear walls in soft story resist shear forces are very heavily by 84% in the X direction and 94% in the Y direction that causes the column to experience immediate collapse. Keywords: Soft Story, Dual Systems, Stiffness, Story Drift Pada bangunan berlantai-banyak, Kerusakan maupun keruntuhan bangunan akibat gempa lebih banyak disebabkan oleh pemilihan sistem struktur yang tidak mampu mendisipasi energi getaran akibat gempa dengan baik. Widhianto dkk. (2013) melakukan penelitian terhadap bangunan 20 lantai mengenai studi pengaruh soft story pada bangunan tingkat tinggi yang berada pada zona gempa 3 yang didesain pada lantai ke-6 dan 7 difungsikan sebagai kolam renang. Hasil dari penelitian tersebut menyatakan bahwa perubahan gaya geser secara tiba-tiba pada kolom soft story yang mengakibatkan lebih cepat terjadinya deformasi struktur secara keseluruhan pada gedung tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan sejak Maret 2020 – Juli 2020, dalam selang waktu tersebut, penulis melakukan analisis terhadap bangunan 30 lantai dengan variasi diskontinu dinding geser pada lantai dasar menggunakan aplikasi ETABS 2013. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisis dinamis respon spektra. Diharapkan pada hasil analisis didapatkan desain model terdapat soft story. Dari analisis yang telah dilakukan, menunjukan adanya diskontinu dinding geser pada lantai dasar menyebabkan kekakuan lateral di lantai tersebut kurang dari 70% hingga 60% dari kekakuan tingkat di atasnya. Ragam getar yang terjadi pada soft story mengalami displacement yang lebih besar pada lantai yang mengalami diskontinu dinding geser. Gaya geser dasar dinamis sebelum di skala pada soft story lebih besar dibandingkan dengan non soft story pada arah X dan Y. Nilai gaya geser dasar soft story pada arah X sebesar 6103.13 kN sedangkan non soft story sebesar 5954.62 kN dan pada arah Y gaya geser soft story sebesar 4400.37 kN sedangkan non soft story sebesar 4298.46 kN. Simpangan yang terjadi pada soft story pada lantai dasar sangat besar pada arah X sebesar 99.55 mm dan arah Y sebesar 96.25 mm. Daya serap gaya geser pada soft story pada lantai dasar mengalami perubahan yang sangat signifikan, kolom yang berada tepat di bawah dinding geser pada soft story menahan gaya geser yang sangat berat sebesar 84% pada arah X dan 94% pada arah Y yang menyebabkan kolom tersebut mengalami keruntuhan secara langung. Kata kunci: Tingkat Lunak, Sistem Ganda, Kekakuan, Simpangan Antar Lantai
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