LUTVIANA, GOVAL (2020) PENGARUH PREVENTIVE DESCALING TERHADAP PENGOTORAN DI SISI TUBE UNTUK PENINGKATAN KINERJA HEAT EXCHANGER TIPE SHELL & TUBE MESIN DIE CASTING DI PT MITSUBA INDONESIA. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
The heat exchanger has a very important role in the industrial world, especially in the manufacturing industry. where the heat exchanger works to raise the temperature of the lower fluid or cool the temperature of the higher fluid. The use of shell & tube heat exchangers in die casting machine units aims to cool the oil temperature of the engine hydraulic system. The longer the heat exchanger operates will cause fouling / crust on the inside of the tube side of the heat exchanger which is passed by water fluid as a cooling medium for hydraulic oil fluid die casting machine that passes through the shell side. The greater impurity that occurs on the side of the tube will cause a change in the performance of the heat exchanger, such as the decline in the rate of actual heat transfer and the effectiveness of the heat exchanger. Therefore, to improve the performance of the heat exchanger on the die casting machine, preventive descaling is carried out on the heat exchanger unit which is carried out regularly every 6 months. Where preventive descaling is a method of cleaning the scale / impurities deposits that occur in the side of the tube heat exchanger using a special chemical (dynamic descaler) by means of the chemical is circulated using a pump for passing through the side of the tube until the crust attached to the surface of the tube falls out due to the reaction occurs between chemical (dynamic descaler) of impurities / crust. in this study aims to determine the value of changes in the increase in the performance of the heat exchanger after cleaning action using a preventive descaling method of impurities on the side of the tube. The analysis is done by making a calculation by determining the parameters needed, namely the measurement parameters of the work of the heat exchanger fluid before and after the preventive descaling action. From the results of calculations and analysis, it shows that after preventive descaling measures there is an increase in the average value of the actual heat transfer rate of 1 kW or 27%, and for the average value of the overall heat transfer coefficient has increased by 2.3 kW / m² K while the value of effectiveness has increased by 25%. Keywords: Heat Exchanger, tube side fouling, preventive descaling, dynamic descaler, performance improvement, effectiveness. Alat penukar kalor (heat exchanger) mempunyai peranan yang sangat penting dalam dunia industri, khususnya dalam industri manufaktur. dimana Alat penukar kalor ini berfungsi untuk menaikkan suhu fluida yang lebih rendah atau mendinginkan suhu fluida yang lebih tinggi. Penggunaan heat exchanger tipe shell & tube pada unit mesin die casting bertujuan untuk mendinginkan temperatur oli pada sistem hidrolik mesin. Semakin lama heat exchanger beroperasi akan menyebabkan terjadinya pengotoran/kerak di bagian dalam sisi tube heat exchanger yang di lewati oleh fluida air sebagai media pendingin fluida oli hidrolik mesin die casting yang melewati sisi shell. Semakin besar pengotoran yang terjadi pada sisi tube akan menyebabkan terjadi perubahan kinerja heat exchanger seperti menurunya besarnya laju perpindahan panas aktual dan efektivitas heat exchanger tersebut. Oleh karena itu Untuk meningkatkan kembali kinerja heat exchanger pada mesin die casting dilakukan tindakan preventive descaling pada unit heat exchanger yang dilakukan secara berkala setiap 6 bulan sekali. Dimana tindakan preventive descaling adalah metode pembersihan kerak/deposit pengotor yang terjadi di dalam sisi tube heat exchanger menggunakan kimia khusus (dynamic descaler) dengan cara kimia tersebut disirkulasi menggunakan pompa melewati sisi tube hingga kerak yang menempel pada pemukaan tube rontok akibat reaksi yang terjadi antara kimia (dynamic descaler) terhadap zat pengotor/kerak. dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai perubahan peningkatan kinerja heat exchanger setelah dilakukan tindakan pembersihan menggunakan metode preventive descaling terhadap pengotoran di sisi tube. Analisa dilakukan dengan membuat perhitungan dengan menetukan parameter-parameter dibutuhkan yaitu parameter pengukuran kerja fluida heat exchanger sebelum dan setelah dilakukan tindakan preventive descaling. Dari hasil perhitungan dan analisa, menunjukan bahwa setelah dilakukan tindakan preventive descaling terjadi kenaikan pada nilai rata rata laju perpindahan panas actual sebesar 1 kW atau 27% , serta untuk nilai rata-rata koeficient perpindahan panas keseluruhan mengalami kenaikan sebesar 2,3 kW/m² K. sedangkan untuk nilai efektivitas mengalami kenaikan sebesar 25%. Kata kunci: Heat Exchanger,pengotoran sisi tube,preventive descaling,dynamic descaler, peningkatan kinerja,efektivitas.
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