ACHYAR, AHMAD (2026) ANALISIS PENERAPAN SENSOR FLOW TERHADAP PERFORMA SISTEM PENDINGIN RUANGAN DI HOTEL CITADINES JAKARTA. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
The Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system represents the largest energy consumption component in hotel buildings, significantly driving carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and operational expenses. This experimental quantitative study evaluates the effectiveness of integrating flow sensors, smart thermostats, and occupancy sensors within a Building Energy Management System (BEMS) to optimize AC performance at Citadines Hotel Jakarta. By comparing operational data between the conventional baseline period (December 2023–October 2024) and the postimplementation adaptive flow period (December 2024–June 2026), the results demonstrate that flow sensor integration successfully reduced average monthly building electricity costs by 8.45% (from IDR 151.62 million to IDR 138.80 million) and lowered carbon emission intensity per occupied room by 15.61% (from 21.25 kg CO2 to 17.93 kg CO2/Occ Room). These energy savings were achieved through automated modulation of cooling airflow during unoccupied room states without compromising guest thermal comfort, as evidenced by a 99.91% guest thermal comfort rate across 66,767 occupied rooms with stable indoor parameters at 28̊C and 61% RH. Keywords: HVAC, Flow Sensor, BEMS, Energy Efficiency, Carbon Emissions, Thermal Comfort, Citadines Hotel Jakarta. Sistem Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) merupakan penyumbang konsumsi energi terbesar pada bangunan hotel yang berpotensi meningkatkan emisi karbon dioksida CO2 dan biaya operasional. Penelitian kuantitatif eksperimental ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas integrasi sensor flow, smart thermostat, dan occupancy sensor berbasis Building Energy Management System (BEMS) dalam mengoptimalkan performa AC di Hotel Citadines Jakarta. Melalui perbandingan data operasional periode baseline konvensional (Desember 2023–Oktober 2024) dan pascaimplementasi sistem adaptive flow (Desember 2024–Juni 2026), hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa penerapan sensor flow berhasil menekan rata-rata biaya listrik bulanan gedung sebesar 8,45% (dari Rp151,62 juta menjadi Rp138,80 juta) serta mereduksi intensitas emisi karbon per kamar terisi sebesar 15,61% (dari 21,25 kg CO2 menjadi 17,93 kg CO2/Occ Room). Efisiensi energi ini dicapai melalui modulasi otomatis aliran udara dingin saat kamar tidak berpenghuni tanpa mengurangi kenyamanan termal tamu, yang terbukti dari pencapaian tingkat kenyamanan tamu sebesar 99,91% dari total 66.767 kamar terisi dengan suhu dan kelembapan terpantau stabil pada 28̊C dan 61% RH. Kata Kunci: HVAC, Sensor Flow, BEMS, Efisiensi Energi, Emisi Karbon, Kenyamanan Termal, Hotel Citadines Jakarta.
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