YUDHISTIRA, KENNY BRAGA (2026) PERANCANGAN RUMAH SAKIT UMUM TIPE C DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARSITEKTUR BIOFILIK DI JAKARTA UTARA. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
Kelapa Gading area in North Jakarta is a densely populated district characterized by high levels of pollution and noise, which pose a significant risk of increasing patient stress within hospital settings. This study aims to design a Type C General Hospital that fulfills technical medical functions while fostering a "healing environment" through a Biophilic Architecture approach. The design methodology involves a site analysis on Jl. Raya Gading Kirana, identification of standard spatial requirements for Type C hospitals, and a literature review of the 14 patterns of biophilic design. The design process utilizes collective mass transformation techniques to optimize natural lighting and ventilation within the constraints of a limited urban site. The design results demonstrate that integrating natural elements, both physically and visually, is achieved through several key strategies. First, the implementation of "healing gardens" within inner courts, roof gardens, and balconies on every floor ensures vegetation access for all users. Second, the use of materials with natural textures, such as wood on the facade and interior, creates a warm and calming atmosphere. Third, the incorporation of transparent canopies with climbing plants and skylights maximizes sunlight penetration into the building core. The conclusion of this design is that a biophilic architecture approach in a Type C General Hospital effectively reduces the rigid and stressful impression of conventional medical facilities. By prioritizing the human-nature connection, this building is expected to accelerate the psychological recovery process for patients and enhance the productivity of medical staff amidst the dense urban context of North Jakarta. Keywords: Type C General Hospital, Biophilic Architecture, Healing Environment, North Jakarta, Healing Garden Kawasan Kelapa Gading, Jakarta Utara, merupakan area padat penduduk dengan tingkat polusi dan kebisingan tinggi yang berisiko meningkatkan stres pada pasien rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang Rumah Sakit Umum (RSU) Tipe C yang tidak hanya memenuhi fungsi medis teknis, tetapi juga menciptakan lingkungan penyembuhan (healing environment) melalui pendekatan Arsitektur Biofilik. Metode perancangan dilakukan dengan analisis tapak pada Jl. Raya Gading Kirana, identifikasi kebutuhan ruang standar rumah sakit tipe C, serta studi literatur mengenai 14 pola desain biofilik. Proses desain menggunakan teknik transformasi massa kolektif untuk mengoptimalkan pencahayaan dan penghawaan alami di lahan terbatas. Hasil perancangan menunjukkan bahwa integrasi elemen alam secara fisik dan visual dapat dicapai melalui beberapa strategi kunci. Pertama, penerapan healing garden pada area inner court, roof garden, dan balkon di setiap lantai untuk memastikan akses vegetasi bagi seluruh pengguna. Kedua, penggunaan material dengan tekstur alami seperti kayu pada fasad dan interior untuk menciptakan suasana hangat dan tenang. Ketiga, penggunaan kanopi transparan dengan tanaman rambat serta skylight untuk memaksimalkan penetrasi cahaya matahari ke dalam bangunan. Simpulan dari perancangan ini adalah bahwa pendekatan arsitektur biofilik pada RSU Tipe C mampu mereduksi kesan rumah sakit yang kaku dan stresful. Dengan mengutamakan koneksi manusia dengan alam, bangunan ini diharapkan dapat mempercepat proses pemulihan psikologis pasien dan meningkatkan produktivitas staf medis di tengah padatnya konteks urban Jakarta Utara. Kata Kunci: RSU Tipe C, Arsitektur Biofilik, Healing Environment, Jakarta Utara
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