PANGESTU, YOGA TRIYULI (2026) RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM KENDALI POMPA INJEKSI PAY OFF COOLING WATER TREATMENT (CWT) PADA BAK CHILLED MENGGUNAKAN FUZZY LOGIC BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT). S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
The quality of water in a chilled water system must be maintained within the appropriate range to prevent corrosion, scale formation, and a decrease in heat transfer efficiency. In practice, pH control is commonly performed manually by adding a fixed amount of Pay off Cooling water treatment (CWT) solution without considering the actual pH condition. This method may lead to inefficient chemical consumption and suboptimal pH stability. Therefore, this study aims to design and implement an ESP32-based automatic pH control system using the Mamdani Fuzzy Logic method and compare its performance with the conventional manual method. The proposed system consists of a 4502C pH sensor, an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor, an injection pump, an ESP32 microcontroller, an LCD, and a web server for real-time monitoring. The system was evaluated through sensor accuracy testing, fuzzy control performance testing, comparison between the automatic and manual methods, and analysis of the system's effect on the chilled water temperature. The results of the pH sensor calibration using buffer solutions of pH 4.01, 6.86, and 9.18 showed average percentage errors of 1.085%, 0.958%, and 0.48%, respectively. The fuzzy control system achieved an average error of 0.501%, indicating a very high level of accuracy. During ten experimental trials, the automatic control system successfully maintained the water pH within the ideal range of approximately 7.0–7.2 while consuming 34,690 mL of Pay off CWT solution, compared to 50,000 mL used by the manual method, resulting in a chemical usage efficiency of 30.62%. Furthermore, the implementation of the automatic control system did not significantly affect the chilled water temperature, with an average temperature difference of only 0.2°C. Based on the experimental results, the ESP32-based automatic pH control system employing the Mamdani Fuzzy Logic method effectively regulates the pH of chilled water, improves the efficiency of Pay off CWT solution usage, and maintains a stable cooling water temperature. Therefore, the proposed system is suitable as an alternative approach for automatic pH control in chilled water systems. Keywords: ESP32, Mamdani fuzzy logic, 4502C pH sensor, chilled water, pH control, Cooling water treatment Kualitas air pada sistem chilled water perlu dijaga agar tetap berada pada kondisi yang sesuai untuk mencegah korosi, pembentukan kerak (scaling), serta penurunan efisiensi perpindahan panas. Pada praktiknya, pengendalian pH masih banyak dilakukan secara manual dengan penambahan larutan Pay off Cooling water treatment (CWT) dalam jumlah tetap tanpa mempertimbangkan kondisi pH secara aktual. Metode tersebut berpotensi menyebabkan penggunaan yang kurang efisien serta kestabilan pH yang kurang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem kendali otomatis pH air chilled water berbasis ESP32 menggunakan metode logika fuzzy Mamdani, serta membandingkan kinerjanya dengan metode manual. Sistem yang dibuat terdiri atas sensor pH 4502C, sensor ultrasonik HCSR04, pompa injeksi, ESP32, LCD, dan web server sebagai media monitoring. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap akurasi sensor, kinerja sistem fuzzy, perbandingan metode otomatis dengan metode manual, serta pengaruh sistem terhadap suhu air chilled water. Hasil pengujian sensor pH menggunakan larutan buffer pH 4,01, 6,86, dan 9,18 menunjukkan rata-rata persentase error masing-masing sebesar 1,085%, 0,958%, dan 0,48%. Pengujian sistem fuzzy menghasilkan rata-rata error sebesar 0,501% sehingga termasuk kategori sangat akurat. Pada pengujian selama sepuluh kali percobaan, sistem otomatis mampu mempertahankan pH pada rentang ideal sekitar 7,0–7,2 dengan total penggunaan larutan Pay off CWT sebesar 34.690 mL, lebih rendah dibandingkan metode manual sebesar 50.000 mL, sehingga diperoleh efisiensi penggunaan larutan sebesar 30,62%. Selain itu, penerapan sistem tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap suhu air chilled water, dengan rata-rata selisih suhu hanya sebesar 0,2°C. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sistem kendali otomatis berbasis ESP32 dengan metode logika fuzzy Mamdani mampu mengendalikan pH air chilled water secara efektif, meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan larutan Pay off CWT, serta mempertahankan suhu air pendingin tetap stabil sehingga layak diterapkan sebagai alternatif pengendalian pH pada sistem chilled water. Kata kunci: ESP32, logika fuzzy Mamdani, sensor pH 4502C, chilled water, pengendalian pH, Cooling water treatment.
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