TAMBUNAN, RICO F (2026) SIMULASI PEMBERSIH AIR PADA MIXING TANK. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
This study aims to analyze the performance of a water tank cleaning system based on a mixing mechanism using variations in the number of impeller blades through a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach. An effective water tank cleaning system requires fluid flow with sufficient velocity, turbulence intensity, and wall shear stress to remove deposits and contaminants adhering to the tank walls. The simulations were conducted by varying the number of impeller blades, namely 2 blades, 3 blades, and 4 blades, while maintaining identical operating parameters, including an impeller diameter of 0.1 m, a rotational speed of 300 rpm, and water as the working fluid. The analysis focused on key hydrodynamic parameters, including Reynolds number, velocity distribution, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), wall shear stress, pressure distribution, and estimated impeller power consumption. The simulation results indicate that increasing the number of impeller blades significantly enhances fluid velocity, turbulence intensity, and wall shear stress. The 4-blade impeller configuration produces the highest fluid velocity, the most intense turbulence, and the greatest wall shear stress, making it the most effective configuration for supporting the tank cleaning process. Although the 4-blade impeller requires higher power consumption compared to the other configurations, the required power remains within an acceptable range and is proportional to the performance improvement achieved. Based on the CFD analysis results, it can be concluded that the 4-blade impeller configuration is the most optimal design for application in a mixing-based water tank cleaning system Keywords: Computational Fluid Dynamics, Mixing Tank, Impeller, Wall Shear Stress, Water Tank Cleaning. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja sistem pembersih tangki air berbasis mekanisme pencampuran (mixing) menggunakan variasi jumlah blade impeller melalui pendekatan Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Sistem pembersihan tangki air memerlukan aliran fluida dengan kecepatan, turbulensi, dan tegangan geser yang memadai untuk mengangkat serta melepaskan endapan dan kotoran yang menempel pada dinding tangki. Simulasi dilakukan dengan memvariasikan jumlah blade impeller, yaitu 2 blade, 3 blade, dan 4 blade, dengan parameter operasi yang sama meliputi diameter impeller 0,1 m, kecepatan putar 300 rpm, dan fluida kerja berupa air. Analisis difokuskan pada parameter hidrodinamika utama, yaitu bilangan Reynolds, distribusi kecepatan aliran, energi kinetik turbulen (Turbulent Kinetic Energy), tegangan geser dinding (wall shear stress), distribusi tekanan, serta estimasi kebutuhan daya impeller. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan jumlah blade impeller secara signifikan meningkatkan kecepatan aliran fluida, intensitasturbulensi,serta tegangan geser dinding. Impeller dengan 4 blade menghasilkan nilai kecepatan fluida tertinggi, turbulensi paling intens, dan tegangan geser dinding terbesar, sehingga dinilai paling efektif dalam mendukung proses pembersihan tangki air. Meskipun membutuhkan daya yang lebih besar dibandingkan variasi lainnya, kebutuhan daya impeller 4 blade masih berada dalam batas yang wajar dan sebanding dengan peningkatan kinerja yang diperoleh. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa impeller dengan 4 blade merupakan konfigurasi yang paling optimal untuk diterapkan pada sistem pembersih tangki air berbasis mixing. Kata kunci: Computational Fluid Dynamics, Mixing Tank, Impeller, Tegangan Geser, Pembersihan Tangki Air.
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