MAULANA, MUHAMAD REZA (2026) ANALISIS TEKNO EKONOMI DAN DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH RED MUD PADA BETON DALAM PERSPEKTIF SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT. S2 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
Produksi alumina melalui proses Bayer menghasilkan residu bauksit atau red mud dalam volume yang besar, mencapai 50–55% dari total bijih bauksit yang diolah. Penumpukan limbah ini menjadi tantangan lingkungan serius yang memerlukan solusi pemanfaatan limbah, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemanfaatan limbah red mud sebagai substitusi sebagian cement pada beton. Penelitian ini membandingkan beton normal dengan lima macam formulasi beton dengan red mud (5%,15%, 20%, 25% dan 30%) berdasarkan empat indikator utama, yaitu (1) kuat tekan beton, (2) kelayakan ekonomi, (3) volume penyerapan limbah, dan (4) dampak lingkungan melalui pendekatan Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Pengujian kuat tekan dilakukan pada umur 7, 14, 28, dan 30 hari di Laboratorium Wika Beton yang telah terakreditasi KAN. Analisis kelayakan ekonomi dihitung menggunakan parameter Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit cost ratio (BCR), dan Internal Rate of Return (IRR) dalam skenario produksi paving block . Kapasitas penyerapan limbah dihitung dari volume produksi sebesar 5.000 m² per tahun. LCA dilaksanakan mengacu pada ISO 14040:2006 yang meliputi tahap penetapan tujuan dan ruang lingkup (goal and scope definition), inventarisasi daur hidup (Life Cycle Inventory/LCI), penilaian dampak lingkungan (Life Cycle Impact Assessment/LCIA), dan interpretasi hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beton red mud 25% menghasilkan kuat tekan 36,93 MPa pada umur 30 hari, lebih tinggi dibanding beton normal sebesar 34,15 MPa. Secara ekonomi, Red mud 25% memberikan biaya produksi Rp 1.480.085/m³ dengan NPV positif, IRR sebesar 63,9%, dan BCR > 1. Selain itu, red mud 25% mampu menyerap 41,8 ton limbah per tahun dalam produksi paving block . Hasil LCA menunjukkan adanya penurunan emisi seiring dengan berkurangnya konsumsi semen. Secara keseluruhan, seluruh formulasi red mud (5%, 15%, 20%, 25%, dan 30%) dinilai layak diterapkan karena telah memenuhi parameter kelayakan teknis dan ekonomi, serta terbukti efektif dalam mereduksi emisi dan meningkatkan volume pemanfaatan limbah industri secara produktif. Alumina production via the Bayer process generates bauxite residue, or red mud, in massive volumes, reaching 50–55% of the total processed bauxite ore. The accumulation of this waste poses a serious environmental challenge that necessitates effective utilization solutions. This study aims to analyze the utilization of red mud as a partial cement substitute in concrete. The research compares normal concrete with five red mud formulations (5%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%) based on four primary indicators: (1) compressive strength, (2) economic feasibility, (3) waste absorption volume, and (4) environmental impact using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. Compressive strength testing was conducted at 7, 14, 28, and 30 days at the KAN-accredited Wika Beton Laboratory. Economic feasibility was analyzed using Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) parameters within a paving block production scenario. Waste absorption capacity was calculated based on an annual production volume of 5,000 m². The LCA was performed in accordance with ISO 14040:2006, encompassing goal and scope definition, Life Cycle Inventory (LCI), Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA), and interpretation of results. The results show that the 25% red mud (RM25) concrete achieved a compressive strength of 36.93 MPa at 30 days, higher than the normal concrete at 34.15 MPa. Economically, RM25 yielded a production cost of IDR 1,480,085/m³ with a positive NPV, an IRR of 63.9%, and a BCR > 1. Furthermore, RM25 is capable of absorbing 41.8 tons of waste per year in paving block production. LCA results indicate a reduction in emissions corresponding to the decrease in cement consumption. Overall, all red mud formulations (5%–30%) are considered feasible for implementation as they satisfy technical and economic parameters, and are proven effective in reducing emissions and increasing the volume of industrial waste utilization productively.
| Item Type: | Thesis (S2) |
|---|---|
| NIM/NIDN Creators: | 55723120027 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Red mud, Kuat Tekan, Kelayakan Ekonomi, Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR), life Cycle Assessment (LCA). |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology/Teknologi > 620 Engineering and Applied Operations/Ilmu Teknik dan operasi Terapan > 624 Civil Engineering/Teknik Sipil > 624.1 Structural Engineering and Underground Construction/Teknik Struktural dan Konstruksi Bawah Tanah 600 Technology/Teknologi > 620 Engineering and Applied Operations/Ilmu Teknik dan operasi Terapan > 628 Sanitary Engineering and Environmental Protection Engineering/Rekayasa Sanitasi dan Teknik Perlindungan Lingkungan, Teknik Lingkungan > 628.4 General Sanitary/Teknik Sanitasi Umum |
| Divisions: | Pascasarjana > Magister Teknik Sipil |
| Depositing User: | Haqi ar rachma nur |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Apr 2026 04:25 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Apr 2026 04:25 |
| URI: | http://repository.mercubuana.ac.id/id/eprint/101480 |
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