ROHANAH, SITI (2025) PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS, LEVERAGE, AKTIVITAS, DAN FIRM SIZE TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS (ROA) (Studi Pada Subsektor Food and Beverage yang Tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada Tahun 2018-2023). S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
This study aims to identify and analyze whether liquidity, leverage, activity, and firm size affect profitability. A quantitative method with a causal research design was employed to examine the cause-and-effect relationships among the variables. The research objects are 22 food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018–2023 period, selected based on specific criteria. The sample was determined using purposive sampling, resulting in 132 observational data points. The analysis was conducted using panel data regression with the selected model being the Fixed Effect Model, processed with Eviews 12 software. The coefficient of determination (R²) obtained was 0.763190, or 76.32 percent, indicating the extent to which the model explains the variation in profitability. The partial results indicate that leverage has a significant negative effect on profitability, while activity has a significant positive effect on profitability. Meanwhile, liquidity and firm size have no significant effect on ROA. Keywords: liquidity, leverage, activity, firm size, profitability Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi serta menganalisis apakah likuiditas, leverage, aktivitas, dan ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas. Studi ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian kausalitas untuk menganalisis hubungan sebab-akibat antar variabel. Objek penelitian ini adalah 22 perusahaan subsektor makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2018–2023, yang dipilih berdasarkan kriteria tertentu. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling, sehingga diperoleh 132 data observasi. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan regresi data panel dengan model terpilih Fixed Effect Model, yang diolah dengan bantuan perangkat lunak Eviews 12. Nilai R² yang diperoleh sebesar 0,763190 atau 76,32 persen, menunjukkan besaran kontribusi model terhadap variasi profitabilitas. Hasil penelitian secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa Leverage berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap Profitabilitas, sedangkan Aktivitas berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Profitabilitas. Sementara itu, Likuiditas dan Ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ROA. Kata Kunci: likuiditas, leverage, aktivitas, ukuran perusahaan, profitabilitas.
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