NOVIANTY, NADIRA (2025) ANALISIS PENGARUH KINERJA LALU - LINTAS KENDARAAN BERMOTOR TERHADAP KUALITAS UDARA (Studi Kasus: Jalan Menteng Raya Bintaro). S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
The growth in the number of motor vehicles in Indonesia's urban areas has led to an increase in traffic density which has a significant impact on the deterioration of environmental quality. Jalan Menteng Raya Bintaro as one of the main corridors experiences similar problems with increased air pollution and noise due to transportation activities. This study aims to analyze traffic operational performance and examine the relationship between vehicle density and air quality (PM2.5) and noise level on Jalan Menteng Raya Bintaro. The research method uses a traffic performance analysis approach based on the 2023 Indonesian Road Capacity Guidelines (PKJI), with data collection through direct observation for three days (Tuesday, Thursday, and Sunday) using a time interval of 15 minutes. Measurements include vehicle volume, PM2.5 concentration, and noise levels during peak traffic hours. The results of the study show that traffic performance on Jalan Menteng Raya Bintaro is still in normal condition with the highest volume of 3,036 vehicles/hour (Tuesday afternoon 17:15–18:15), degree of saturation (DJ) 0.57 (below the threshold of 0.85), and road capacity of 5,372.97 smp/hour. However, environmental quality showed unhealthy conditions with the highest PM2.5 concentration reaching 91.67 μg/m³ (exceeding the 55 μg/m³ quality standard) on Tuesday and the highest noise level of 88.33 dB(A) (exceeding the 55 dB(A) quality standard for residential areas). Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive relationship between traffic density and PM2.5 concentrations, particularly on weekdays with values of R² = 0.6143 (Tuesday) and R² = 0.5843 (Thursday), suggesting 58-61% of air quality variations were explained by traffic activity. A similar relationship was identified at the highest correlation noise level on Tuesday (R² = 0.5113). This study concludes that although the operational performance of traffic is still within tolerance limits, the environmental impact in the form of air pollution and noise has exceeded the set quality standards, with traffic density as the dominant factor affecting the environmental quality in the corridor. Keywords: Density, PM2.5, Noise, and Traffic. Pertumbuhan jumlah kendaraan bermotor di kawasan perkotaan Indonesia telah menyebabkan peningkatan kepadatan lalu lintas yang berdampak signifikan terhadap penurunan kualitas lingkungan. Jalan Menteng Raya Bintaro sebagai salah satu koridor utama mengalami permasalahan serupa dengan meningkatnya pencemaran udara dan kebisingan akibat aktivitas transportasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja operasional lalu lintas dan mengkaji hubungan antara kerapatan kendaraan terhadap kualitas udara (PM2.5) serta tingkat kebisingan di Jalan Menteng Raya Bintaro. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan analisis kinerja lalu lintas berdasarkan Pedoman Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (PKJI) 2023, dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi langsung selama tiga hari (Selasa, Kamis, dan Minggu) menggunakan interval waktu 15 menit. Pengukuran meliputi volume kendaraan, konsentrasi PM2.5, dan tingkat kebisingan pada jam puncak lalu lintas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja lalu lintas di Jalan Menteng Raya Bintaro masih dalam kondisi normal dengan volume tertinggi 3.036 kendaraan/jam (hari Selasa sore 17:15–18:15), derajat kejenuhan (DJ) 0,57 (di bawah ambang batas 0,85), dan kapasitas jalan 5.372,97 smp/jam. Namun, kualitas lingkungan menunjukkan kondisi tidak sehat dengan konsentrasi PM2.5 tertinggi mencapai 91,67 μg/m³ (melebihi baku mutu 55 μg/m³) pada hari Selasa dan tingkat kebisingan tertinggi 88,33 dB(A) (melebihi baku mutu 55 dB(A) untuk kawasan pemukiman). Analisis korelasi mengungkapkan hubungan positif yang kuat antara kerapatan lalu lintas dengan konsentrasi PM2.5, khususnya pada hari kerja dengan nilai R² = 0,6143 (Selasa) dan R² = 0,5843 (Kamis), menunjukkan 58-61% variasi kualitas udara dijelaskan oleh aktivitas lalu lintas. Hubungan serupa teridentifikasi pada tingkat kebisingan dengan korelasi tertinggi pada hari Selasa (R² = 0,5113). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun kinerja operasional lalu lintas masih dalam batas toleransi, dampak lingkungan berupa pencemaran udara dan kebisingan telah melampaui standar baku mutu yang ditetapkan, dengan kerapatan lalu lintas sebagai faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi kualitas lingkungan di koridor tersebut. Kata Kunci: Kerapatan, PM2.5, Kebisingan, dan Lalu Lintas.
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