KAUTSARINA, DINDA FATIMAH (2025) A COMPARISON ANALYSIS OF KNN AS A PREDICTIVE MODEL FOR SCOPE-1 GHG EMISSIONS FROM INDONESIAN CEMENT MANUFACTURERS TO RANDOM FOREST, AND MLR. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
Despite being a significant contributor to the nation's GDP and expected to grow, the cement industry poses substantial environmental challenges, contributing significantly to GHG emissions and climate change. This study is aimed at developing and comparing three predictive models, namely the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Random Forest, and Multivariable Linear Regression (MLR) to create Scope-1 CO₂ emissions projection from Indonesian cement manufacturers. Using five years of historical data from cement plants across Indonesia, this study has identified key emission factors and the most suitable machine learning model to predict Scope-1 CO₂ emissions. Each model was evaluated using Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and R2 to assess their accuracy. Furthermore, this study also proposed an integration of these machine learning models into conventional emission calculation methods to provide a robust emissions projection framework that supports the Indonesian Net Zero goal. Key words: GHG Emission, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Machine Learning, Emission Prediction
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