ERLANGGA, ANGGA (2025) OPTIMASI BIAYA INVESTASI GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE DENGAN METODE VALUE ENGINEERING PADA SISTEM PENYEDIAAN AIR MINUM KABUPATEN TANGERANG. S2 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
The expansion and improvement of the drinking water supply system (SPAM) infrastructure is a top government priority to effectively meet public water needs and promote general welfare. The target water service coverage in Tangerang Regency is 98.49% by 2031; however, PERUMDAM TKR's current coverage stands at 69.30% in 2024. To achieve the Regional Drinking Water Supply Master Plan (RISPAM), PERUMDAM TKR’s strategy includes developing transmission and distribution networks in Tangerang Regency. While infrastructure development offers benefits, it can also cause negative environmental impacts. Therefore, a comprehensive strategy prioritizing the reduction of adverse effects and supporting the implementation of environmentally friendly and sustainable green infrastructure is essential. This study aims to identify the variables influencing cost optimization through the application of Green Infrastructure in the main distribution pipe network of SPAM, a critical component with high costs. SEM-PLS analysis reveals that Green Design (X1), Sustainable Implementation Methods (X2), Value and Cost Analysis (X3), and Environmentally Friendly Technology Design (Z) significantly affect cost performance (Y), with the most dominant indicator being the maturity of the energy system design (X1.8). A case study in Tangerang Regency using Value Engineering (VE) and Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) demonstrates cost optimization: VE increased investment costs by 9.91%, exceeding the 7% efficiency standard, while LCCA shows the project to be financially viable with a positive NPV of IDR 77,321,059,290, an IRR of 27.73%, and a payback period of 3.05 years, indicating a relatively rapid return on investment. However, sensitivity analysis reveals that fluctuations in costs and revenues have a significant potential impact on the project’s financial feasibility. Keywords : Optimization, Green, SPAM, Value Engineering, Life Cycle Cost Peningkatan dan perluasan infrastruktur sistem penyediaan air minum (SPAM) adalah prioritas utama pemerintah dalam upaya memenuhi kebutuhan air minum masyarakat secara efektif demi kesejahteraan umum. Target cakupan pelayanan air minum di Kabupaten Tangerang sebesar 98,49% pada tahun 2031 belum tercapai, dengan cakupan layanan PERUMDAM TKR saat ini mencapai 69,30% pada tahun 2024. Untuk mewujudkan RISPAM tersebut, salah satu strategi PERUMDAM TKR adalah membangun pengembangan jaringan transmisi dan distribusi di wilayah Kabupaten Tangerang. Dalam pengembangannya, pembangunan infrastruktur tidak hanya memberikan manfaat, tetapi juga dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya strategi komprehensif yang mengutamakan pengurangan dampak negatif serta memfasilitasi pembangunan green infrastructure yang ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi variabel yang memengaruhi optimasi biaya melalui penerapan Green Infrastructure pada jaringan pipa distribusi utama SPAM, komponen vital dengan biaya tinggi. Analisis SEM-PLS menunjukkan bahwa Desain Green (X1), Metode Pelaksanaan (X2), Analisis Nilai (X3), serta Desain Teknologi Ramah Lingkungan (Z) berkontribusi pada kinerja biaya (Y), dengan indikator paling dominan adalah kematangan perancangan sistem energi (X1.8). Studi kasus di Kabupaten Tangerang menggunakan Value Engineering (VE) dan Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) membuktikan optimasi biaya: VE meningkatkan biaya investasi sebesar 9,91% melebihi target efisiensi 7%, sedangkan LCCA menunjukkan proyek layak secara finansial dengan NPV positif Rp77.321.059.290, IRR 27,73%, dan payback period 3,05 tahun yang mengindikasikan pengembalian investasi yang relatif cepat. Namun, analisis sensitivitas mengungkapkan bahwa fluktuasi biaya dan pendapatan memiliki potensi signifikan dalam memengaruhi kelayakan finansial proyek. Kata Kunci: Optimasi, Green, SPAM, Value Engineering, Life Cycle Cost Analysis
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