PERBAIKAN KUALITAS BATA RINGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE DMAIC DAN STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING-PARTIAL LEAST SQUARE (SEM-PLS) DI INDUSTRI BATA RINGAN

SALSABILA, NADHIRA (2023) PERBAIKAN KUALITAS BATA RINGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE DMAIC DAN STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING-PARTIAL LEAST SQUARE (SEM-PLS) DI INDUSTRI BATA RINGAN. S2 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta-Menteng.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang bata ringan merupakan jenis material konstruksi bangunan yang sifatnya lebih tahan air dan api serta lebih ringan, membuat salah satu jenis beton pracetak ini diminati oleh banyak kalangan konstruksi. Permintaan produk yang tinggi menyebabkan kemungkinan peningkatan pula jumlah presentase produk cacat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengupayakan pengurangan produk cacat dalam produksi bata ringan dan mengetahui harapan konsumen terhadap produk bata ringan. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode DMAIC dan SEM-PLS. Penelitian ini termasuk kedalam penelitian mixed method. Penelitan ini menggunakan Focus Group Discussion dan kuisioner untuk menganalisis permasalahan dan memberikan usulan perbaikan. Hasil : Terdapat tiga jenis cacat pada bata ringan yaitu kuat tekan bata rendah, gompal dan patah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai DPMO mengalami penurunan dari 87.000 menjadi 57.000 dan meningkatkan sigma level dari 2.85 menjadi 3.08. Berdasarkan analisa SEM-PLS, kualitas produk dan kualitas layanan tidak signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Nilai outer loading terkecil pada variabel kualitas produk terletak pada dimensi performance dan nilai outer loading terkecil pada variabel kualitas layanan terletak pada dimensi empati staff terhadap konsumen. Fokus perbaikan pada penelitian ini didasarkan pada nilai outer loading terkecil dan analisa DMAIC, sehingga tindakan perbaikan yang dilakukan adalah mengubah komposisi bahan baku, pembuatan SOP pemeriksaan bahan baku, dan mengubah sistem penggajian menjadi borongan. Kesimpulan : Penelitian ini memberikan kesimpulan bahwa dengan metode DMAIC dan SEM-PLS perusahaan mampu menurunkan DPMO dan meningkatkan sigma level sehingga perusahaan dapat memperbaiki cacat pada produk. Kata Kunci : DMAIC, SEM-PLS, Perbaikan Kualitas, Bata Ringan, Enam Sigma Background : lightweight brick is a type of building construction material that is more water and fire resistant and lighter, making this type of precast concrete in demand by many construction groups. High product demand causes the possibility of increasing the percentage of defective products. The purpose of this study is to seek to reduce product defects in light brick production and to find out consumer expectations for lightweight brick products. Methods : This study uses the DMAIC and SEM-PLS methods. This research is included in the mixed method research. This research uses Focus Group Discussions and questionnaires to analyze problems and provide suggestions for improvements. Results : There are three types of defects in lightweight bricks, namely low compressive strength, chipping and fracture. The results showed that the DPMO value decreased from 87,000 to 57,000 and increased the sigma level from 2.85 to 3.08. Based on SEM-PLS analysis, product quality and service quality are not significant to customer satisfaction. The smallest outer loading value on the product quality variable lies in the performance dimension and the smallest outer loading value on the service quality variable lies in the staff empathy dimension towards consumers. The focus of improvement in this research is based on the smallest outer loading value and DMAIC analysis, so the corrective actions taken are changing the composition of raw materials, making SOPs for inspecting raw materials, and changing the payroll system to wholesale. Conclusion : This study concludes that with the DMAIC and SEM-PLS methods the company is able to reduce and increase the sigma level so that the company can repair defects in the product. Keywords : DMAIC, SEM-PLS, Quality Improvement, Lightbrick, Six Sigma

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