KEBERPIHAKAN HARIAN THE JAKARTA POST DALAM PILPRES 2014 (Analisis Wacana Kritis Editorial Endorsing Jokowi)

NADEAK, DOLOK CARRY ARMSTRONG (2015) KEBERPIHAKAN HARIAN THE JAKARTA POST DALAM PILPRES 2014 (Analisis Wacana Kritis Editorial Endorsing Jokowi). S2 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta-Menteng.

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Abstract

The purpose of this research is to see how The Jakarta Post takes side to a certain candidate during Indonesia’s Presidential Election in 2014, as reflected in its Editorial titled “Endorsing Jokowi”. Through this Editorial, The Jakarta Post placed itself as the only mainstream mass media that openly endorsed one of the presidential candidate. By deploying Teun van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis, this research discover the reasons and how The Jakarta Post showed their orientation in taking sides. The whole reasons and the way that paper showed its endorsement revealed in all three level of approach that was introduced by van Dijk which are, text, social cognition, and social context. The theme choice, structure of the article, word, phrases, and sentences written on the first level tend to marginalized, disparaged, and cornered other candidate. The knowledge of the writer of the Editorial also plays an important role on the understanding of the two presidential candidates or the event happened during the campaign period. This research revealed that the ideology of The Jakarta Post – pluralism, human rights, civil society, and reformation – influence the paper’s decision to take a certain stand. Two occasions that took place on the society – the inauguration of Prabowo Subianto as war general of Islam and the broad use of meme as a political expression form the society – were the social context that influenced the publication of that Editorial. Keywords: Critical Discourse Analysis, Teun van Dijk, Editorial, The Jakarta Post, Mass Communication, Presidential Election 2014 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat keberpihakan The Jakarta Post terhadap salah satu kandidat presiden dalam Pilpres 2014, sebagaimana tercermin melalui Tajuk Rencana berjudul “Endorsing Jokowi”. Melalui Tajuk Rencana itu, The Jakarta Post menjadikan dirinya sebagai satu-satunya media massa yang terang- terangan mendukung salah satu kandidat presiden. Dengan menerapkan Analisis Wacana Kritis yang dikembangkan Teun van Dijk, penelitian ini menemukan alasan dan juga cara The Jakarta Post memperlihatkan keberpihakannya tersebut. Seluruh alasan dan cara keberpihakan tersebut terungkap dalam ketiga level pendekatan yang dicetuskan van Dijk yaitu, teks, kognisi sosial, dan konteks sosial. Pilihan tema, kerangka penulisan, kata, kosakata, dan kalimat di level pertama memiliki kecenderungan memarjinalkan, mengecilkan, dan menyudutkan kandidat lain. Pengetahuan penulis Tajuk Rencana juga ikut memberi sumbangan pada pemahaman atas para kandidat atau peristiwa yang terjadi selama masa kampanye Pilpres. Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa, ideologi The Jakarta Post – pluralisme, hak-hak asasi manusia, masyarakat sipil, dan reformasi – sangat mempengaruhi sikap berpihak yang diperlihatkan Harian tersebut. Dua peristiwa yang terjadi dalam masyarakat – pemberian gelar panglima perang Islam kepada Prabowo Subianto dan maraknya penggunaan meme sebagai bentuk ekspresi politik masyarakat – menjadi konteks sosial yang mempengaruhi terbitnya Tajuk Rencana tersebut. Kata kunci: Analisis Wacana Kritis, Teun van Dijk, Tajuk Rencana, The Jakarta Post, Komunikasi Massa, Pilpres 2014

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