HUBUNGAN INTENSITAS KEBISINGAN TERHADAP NILAI AMBANG DENGAR PADA PEKERJA DI BAGIAN PRODUKSI PUTAR (CONCRETE SPUN PILE) PT ADHI PERSADA BETON PABRIK SADANG PURWAKARTA

SISWANTO, EKO (2018) HUBUNGAN INTENSITAS KEBISINGAN TERHADAP NILAI AMBANG DENGAR PADA PEKERJA DI BAGIAN PRODUKSI PUTAR (CONCRETE SPUN PILE) PT ADHI PERSADA BETON PABRIK SADANG PURWAKARTA. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Bekasi.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Kebisingan merupakan suara atau bunyi yang tidak dikehendaki atau dapat diartikan pula sebagai suara yang salah pada tempat dan waktu yang salah. Saat ini, kebisingan merupakan salah satu penyebab penyakit lingkungan yang perlu menjadi perhatian serius, terutama di bagian industri. Kebisingan telah menjadi salah satu faktor utama penyebab penyakit akibat kerja, akibat dari kebisingan bagi tenaga kerja dapat berupa menurunnya ambang pendengaran. PT. Adhi Persada Beton adalah perusahaan penyedia beton precast yang salah satu pabriknya berada di Sadang-Purwakarta, Jawa Barat. Persaingan ketat mendorong perusahaan ingin menjadi lebih baik dari kompetitornya sehingga perusahaan berupaya meningkatkan kapasitas produksi, peningkatan kapasitas produksi menyebabkan bertambahnya jumlah mesin spinning yang digunakan sehingga intensitas kebisingan meningkat di area produksi, hal tersebut menyebabkan risiko yang besar bagi tenaga kerja. Dari hasil pengujian kebisingan di pabrik Sadang-Purwakarta terdapat beberapa area yang memiliki intensitas kebisingan yang cukup tinggi di antaranya adalah pada jalur (shelter) 1 sebesar 87.8 dBA, jalur (shelter) 2 sebesar 86.7 dBA , jalur (shelter) 3A dan jalur (shelter) 3B sebesar 98.9 dBA dimana terdapat 5 mesin spinning yang beroperasi 24 jam tanpa henti dan sangat berpengaruh pada pendengaran tenaga kerja. Dampak yang dirasakan pekerja akibat kebisingan yang dialami yaitu gangguan komunikasi, gangguan pendengaran/auditory dan gangguan psikologis. Dari hasil pemeriksaan audiometri terdapat 36,37 % tenaga kerja yang mengalami gangguan, gangguan diklasifikasikan tingkat keparahannya yaitu gangguan pendengaran ringan sebanyak 6,06 %, gangguan pendengaran sedang sebanyak 18,18 %, gangguan pendengaran cukup serius sebanyak 9,09 %, gangguan pendengaran serius sebanyak 3,03 %. Dari hasi pengolahan data kuisioner menggunakan software SPSS terdapat 3 faktor terbesar (dominan) yang menyebabkan gangguan pendengaran pada tenaga kerja seperti variabel X23 dimana pengaruh variabel adanya alat Spinning tambahan yang menambah kebisingan sebesar 44 %, variabel X30 dimana pengaruh variabel bising kontinyu dari alat yang berbeda (impact gun misalnya) sebesar 17,4 % dan variabel X20 dimana pengaruh variabel tingkat kenyamanan berkomunikasi pada saat APT di gunakan sebesar 14,8 %. Kata Kunci : Intensitas Kebisingan, Mesin Spinning, Pabrik Sadang-Purwakarta ABSTRACT Noise is a sound that is not desired or can be interpreted also as the wrong sound at the wrong place and time. At present, noise is one of the causes of environmental diseases that need serious attention, especially in the industrial sector. Noise has become one of the main factors causing work-related diseases, the result of noise for workers can be decreased hearing threshold. PT. Adhi Persada Beton is a provider of precast concrete manufacture, one of which is located in Sadang-Purwakarta, West Java. Tight competition encourages companies to be better than their competitors so that the company seeks to increase production capacity, increasing production capacity causes an increase in the number of spinning machines used so that the intensity of noise increases in the production area, which causes a large risk to the workforce. From the results of noise testing at the Sadang-Purwakarta factory there are several areas that have a high enough intensity of noise, among them in the lane (shelter) 1 of 87.8 dBA, lane (shelter) 2 of 86.7 dBA, lane (shelter) 3A and lane (shelter ) 3B is 98.9 dBA where there are 5 spinning machines that operated 24 hours without stopping and are very influential on the hearing of the workforce. The impact felt by workers due to noise experienced is communication disorders, hearing /auditory disorders and psychological disorders. From the results of audiometry examination there were 36.37% of workers who experienced disorders, impaired classified severity namely mild hearing loss as much as 6.06%, moderate hearing loss as much as 18.18%, quite serious hearing loss as much as 9.09%, hearing loss serious as much as 3.03%. From the results of processing questionnaire data using SPSS software there are 3 biggest factors (dominant) that cause hearing loss in labor such as X23 variable where the variable influence of the Spinning tool is additional which adds noise by 44%, X30 variable where the influence of continuous noise variables from different devices (impact gun for example) of 17.4% and variable X20 where the influence of the variable level of communication comfort when APT is used is 14.8%. Keywords: Noise Intensity, Spinning Machines, Sadang-Purwakarta Factory

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