SUPRIYATNA, NANA (2020) OPTIMALISASI DIMENSI KOLOM PADA GEDUNG FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UHAMKA. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
In approving and designing a multi-storey building, much needed research is needed as well as the requirements requested, so that the building that is built remains durable and sturdy. In addition, other factors that need to be considered such as building functions, security, stability, strength, timeliness, aesthetics and economic savings, are all benchmarks in building construction planning. In planning or designing dimensions of columns made of reinforced concrete, detailed calculations and analysis must be done, because a large enough dimension will increase in a smaller room, and vice versa to change the dimensions of the column, the room may be large does not yet exist. Need help understanding and seismic loading on building structures in order to get an accurate column planning structure. In this structural planning research, building structure planning consisting of one basement, 4 floors plus a roof in a category that uses IV using the SDGS system, all loads are in accordance with the assumptions guided by SNI 1726: 2012, SNI 2847: 2013, SNI 2847: 2002 and also ASCE 7-10. The study was analyzed using Etabs V17.0.1 software. The dimensions of the column consist of 400mmx1,000mm, 400mmx750mm, 400mmx600mm, 300mmx600mm and 600mmx600mm, with fc'40 Mpa concrete quality and 400 Mpa fy steel quality.). The earthquake priority factor (Ie = 1.5; Ss = 0.718; S1 = 0.312) and the initial earthquake scale factor of 2.1 in each Direction. After calculating and checking the design results, the final scale factor is x = 2.95 and y = 2.70. Checking the intersection between floors all values nilai <Hsx as well as checking the influence of P-delta where the safety coefficient Ɵ <Ɵmax both x-direction and y-direction can be adjusted as needed. In the design check results in column ratio values <2%, the column dimensions can still be optimized. Optimization is carried out twice, so that the most optimal columns are taken, namely optimization of all columns according to the requirements of both the floor and p-delta junction with the dimensions of the column dimensions 40mm0x500mm, 400mmx700mm, 400mmx500mm, 300mmx500mm and 500mmx500mm, if it is the starting page, 08 and Direction dimensions 40mm0x500mm, 400mmx700mm, 400mmx500mm, 300mmx500mm and 500mmx500mm, if it is the starting page, 08 and Direction y = 2.74, The estimated price in the simulation is the price of concrete and the price of uilir iron with the difference in price between the dimensions of the existing column with optimization 1 namely, for the dimension of the edge column = Rp. 18,890,200, - middle column = Rp. 25,379,200 and angle column = Rp. 1,153,600. Keywords: Column Dimension, Optimization, Building Optimization, Column. Dalam merencanakan dan mendesain sebuah gedung bertingkat, sangat dibutuhkan ketelitian secara mendetail serta tetap mengikuti aturan dan petunjuk yang telah disepakati, agar bangunan yang didirikan tetap awet dan kokoh. Selain itu, faktor lain yang perlu diperhatikan seperti fungsi bangunan, keamanan, kestabilan, kekuatan, ketepatan waktu, estetika serta pertimbangan ekonomis, semuanya merupakan tolak ukur dalam sebuah perencanaan pembangunan gedung. Dalam merencanakan atau mendesaian dimensi kolom berbahan dasar beton bertulang harus dilakukan perhitungan dan analisa secara mendetail, karena dimensi yang cukup besar akan berdampak pada ruangan yang semakin kecil, begitupun sebaliknya apabila dimensi kolom terlalu kecil, ruangan bisa saja besar namun belum tentu struktur mampu menahan beban. Sehingga dibutuhkan pemahaman respon dan pembebanan seismik pada struktur gedung agar mendapatkan perencanaan struktur dimensi kolom yang akurat. Pada penelitian perencanan struktur ini, perencanaan struktur gedung yang terdiri dari satu basement,4 lantai ditambah atap pada kategori resiko IV dengan menggunakan sistem SRPMK, semua beban berdasarkan asumsi sendiri yang berpedoman pada SNI 1726:2012, SNI 2847:2013, SNI 2847:2002 dan juga ASCE 7-10. Penelitian dianalisis menggunakan software Etabs V17.0.1. Dimensi kolom terdiri dari 400mmx1.000mm, 400mmx750mm, 400mmx600mm, 300mmx600mm dan 600mmx600mm, dengan mutu beton fc’40 Mpa dan mutu baja fy 400 Mpa.). Faktor keutamaan gempa (Ie = 1,5 ; Ss = 0,718 ; S1 = 0,312 ) dan faktor skala awal gempa sebesar 2,1 pada masing-masing arah. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan dan pengecekan hasil desain eksisting memiliki faktor skala akhir arah x = 2,95 dan arah y = 2,70. pengcekan simpangan antar lantai semua nilai Δ < Hsx begitupun pada pengecekan pengaruh P-delta dimana koefesien stabilitas Ɵ < Ɵmax baik arah x maupun arah y sehingga memenuhi syarat. Pada hasil cek desain menghasilkan nilai rasio kolom < 2% maka dimensi kolom masih dapat dioptimalkan. Optimalisasi dilakukan dua kali, sehingga diambil kolom yang paling optimal yaitu optimalisasi 1 semua kolom memenuhi persayaratan baik simpangan anatar lantai maupun pengearuh p-delta dengan dimensi dimensi kolom 40mm0x500mm, 400mmx700mm, 400mmx500mm, 300mmx500mm dan 500mmx500mm, dimana faktor skala gempa akhir arah x = 3,08 dan arah y = 2,74, Estimasi harga yang di simulasi adalah harga beton dan harga besi uilir dengan selisih harga antara dimensi kolom eksisiting dengan optimalisasi 1 yaitu, untuk dimensi kolom pinggir = Rp. 18.890.200,- kolom tengah = Rp. 25.379.200,- dan kolom sudut = Rp. 1.153.600,-. Kata kunci: Dimensi Kolom, Optimalisasi, Optimalisasi gedung, Kolom.
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