INDRIAWATI, RANI (2026) PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LEVERAGE, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, DAN LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN SUB SEKTOR PROCESSED FOOD YANG TERCATAT DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2015-2024. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
This study examines the influence of profitability, leverage, organizational scale alongside financial flexibility in determining corporate worth within the Processed Food subsector officially registered within the Indonesia capital market platform. This investigation uses panel data regression analysis in the framework of a causality study. From the processed food subsector, 10 firms were chosen using purposive selection out of 19 that were listed from 2015 to 2024. The findings demonstrate that earnings performance, assessed through Return on Assets (ROA), exerts a meaningful and favorable influence on corporate valuation, measured by Tobin’s Q. Conversely, company size has a negative and significant impact on firm value. On the other hand, leverage and liquidity, proxied as represented through the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) and Current Ratio (CR), indicate that both factors do not contribute to firm value. According to these results, processed food investors care more about a company's profitability and asset management than they do about its size, capitalstructure, or liquidity in the near term. This research contributes to prior academic literature by presenting data-driven proof that profit performance serves as a key determinant of corporate value creation in the processed food subsector. As a result, company management and investors can use this finding as a benchmark when developing strategies to boost corporate value. Keywords: profitability, leverage, liquidity, firm size, firm value. Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh profitabilitas, leverage, ukuran perusahaan, dan likuiditas terhadap nilai perusahaan pada subsektor Processed Food yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan regresi panel serta berlandaskan desain kausal, dengan melibatkan 19 entitas bisnis di subsector yang terdaftar di BEI antara tahun 2015 hingga 2024, 10 perusahaan dipilih menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Temuan riset mengindikasikan bahwa tingkat laba, direpresentasikan melalui ROA, memberikan dampak searah dan bermakna terhadap nilai korporasi yang diobservasi dengan Tobin’s Q. Sebaliknya, ukuran perusahaan memberikan dampak merugikan yang nyata terhadap valuasi entitas bisnis. Namun disisi lain, ada leverage dan likuiditas yang di proksikan dengan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) dan Current Ratio (CR) menunjukkan bahwa kedua variable tersebut tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. Berdasarkan hasil ini, investor di subsektor makanan olahan lebih menitikberatkan pada kapasitas entitas dalam menciptakan keuntungan mengelola aset daripada struktur modal, ukuran, atau likuiditas perusahaan dalam jangka pendek. Manajemen perusahaan dan investor dapat menggunakan studi ini sebagai acuan dalam merencanakan strategi guna mendorong peningkatan valuasi perusahaan serta berfungsi sebagai tolok ukur kesuksesan di subsektor makanan olahan. Studi ini menegaskan bahwa profitabilitas merupakan sinyal kunci dalam menciptakan nilai perusahaan. Kata Kunci: profitabilitas, leverage, ukuran perusahaan, likuiditas, nilai perusahaan.
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