FADILA, SILMIANA NISA (2026) PENGARUH TAX HAVEN DAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP TAX AVOIDANCE DENGAN CAPITAL INTENSITY SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
|
Text (HAL COVER)
Cover.pdf Download (577kB) | Preview |
|
![[img]](https://repository.mercubuana.ac.id/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text (BAB I)
Bab I.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (250kB) |
|
|
Text (BAB II)
Bab II.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (248kB) |
|
|
Text (BAB III)
Bab III.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (267kB) |
|
|
Text (BAB IV)
Bab IV.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (353kB) |
|
|
Text (BAB V)
Bab V.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (89kB) |
|
|
Text (DAFTAR PUSTAKA)
Daftar Pustaka.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (162kB) |
|
|
Text (LAMPIRAN)
Lampiran.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (783kB) |
Abstract
This study aims to examine the effect of tax haven affiliation and corporate governance mechanisms on tax avoidance, with capital intensity as a moderating variable, in multinational companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2021–2023. Tax avoidance is measured using two proxies, namely the Effective Tax Rate (ETR) and Book-Tax Differences (BTD), to capture both explicit and latent tax avoidance practices. The tax haven variable is identified based on corporate affiliations with low-tax jurisdictions, while corporate governance is proxied by the proportion of independent commissioners, institutional ownership, and audit committee expertise. Capital intensity is employed as a moderating variable because investment in fixed assets potentially creates temporary differences between accounting income and taxable income that may be utilized in corporate tax planning. The research sample is obtained through purposive sampling and consists of non-financial multinational firms that meet data completeness criteria during the observation period. Data analysis is conducted using panel data regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results indicate that tax haven affiliation has no significant direct effect on tax avoidance based on both the ETR and BTD proxies, suggesting that transparencybased supervision, particularly through the implementation of Country-by-Country Reporting (CbCR), has limited the use of cross-jurisdictional structures in tax strategies. Furthermore, independent commissioners, institutional ownership, and audit committee expertise are found to increase tax avoidance, indicating that corporate governance mechanisms in multinational firms have not yet fully functioned effectively in restraining aggressive tax policies. In addition, capital intensity is proven to moderate the effects of tax haven, independent commissioners, institutional ownership, and audit committee expertise on tax avoidance with a quasi-moderator characteristic, whereby capital intensity consistently weakens the influence of these four variables in corporate tax avoidance. Keywords: tax haven, corporate governance, capital intensity, tax avoidance. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh afiliasi tax haven dan mekanisme corporate governance terhadap tax avoidance dengan capital intensity sebagai variabel moderasi pada perusahaan multinasional yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2021–2023. Tax avoidance diukur menggunakan dua proksi, yaitu Effective Tax Rate (ETR) dan Book-Tax Differences (BTD), guna menangkap praktik penghindaran pajak yang bersifat eksplisit maupun laten. Variabel tax haven diidentifikasi berdasarkan afiliasi perusahaan pada yurisdiksi bertarif pajak rendah, sedangkan corporate governance diproksikan melalui proporsi komisaris independen, kepemilikan institusional, dan keahlian komite audit. Capital intensity digunakan sebagai variabel moderasi karena investasi pada aset tetap berpotensi menimbulkan perbedaan temporer antara laba akuntansi dan laba fiskal yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam perencanaan pajak perusahaan. Sampel penelitian diperoleh melalui metode purposive sampling dan mencakup perusahaan multinasional non-keuangan yang memenuhi kriteria kelengkapan data selama periode pengamatan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan regresi data panel dan Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa afiliasi tax haven tidak berpengaruh signifikan secara langsung terhadap tax avoidance baik berdasarkan ETR maupun BTD, yang mengindikasikan bahwa pengawasan berbasis transparansi seperti implementasi Country-by-Country Reporting (CbCR) telah membatasi pemanfaatan struktur lintas yurisdiksi dalam strategi pajak perusahaan. Selanjutnya, proporsi komisaris independen, kepemilikan institusional, dan keahlian komite audit justru terbukti meningkatkan tax avoidance, yang menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme corporate governance pada perusahaan multinasional belum sepenuhnya efektif dalam membatasi kebijakan pajak yang agresif. Selain itu, capital intensity terbukti memoderasi pengaruh tax haven, komisaris independen, kepemilikan institusional, dan keahlian komite audit terhadap tax avoidance dengan karakteristik quasi moderator, di mana capital intensity secara konsisten memperlemah pengaruh keempat variabel tersebut dalam penghindaran pajak perusahaan. Kata kunci: tax haven, corporate governance, capital intensity, tax avoidance
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |
