TOGATOROP, FERI ALEXSANDER (2025) RANCANG BANGUN KONTROL DAN MONITORING DAYA LISTRIK BERBASIS IOT DENGAN APLIKASI TELEGRAM. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
Electricity demand in Indonesian households is still on the rise, highlighting the urgency for smarter energy management. In 2022, the residential segment alone contributed 116,095.06 GWh to PLN’s overall sales. Observing the energy losses stemming from inadequate oversight, this study develops a monitoring and control system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and linked to the Telegram messaging platform. The approach integrates analysis, a literature review, system design, and experimental validation. An ESP32 microcontroller serves as the system’s brain, interfaced with PZEM-004T sensors that detect voltage, current, and instantaneous power, along with relays for load switching. Measurements appear on a local LCD and are transmitted to Telegram instantaneously. Users can execute on/off commands for the connected appliances through the Telegram bot. Testing confirms robust performance. The PZEM-004T records voltage with an average deviation under 0.2% and current with a maximum allowable error of ±0.08 A. The LCD readout and Telegram updates remain consistent. Commands dispatched via Telegram are executed with rapidity and precision, achieving a reliability greater than 95%. Consequently, the prototype demonstrates clear potential for tightening power consumption in residential settings. Keywords: Electric Power, IoT, Monitoring, Control, Telegram, ESP32, PZEM004T. Kenaikan konsumsi listrik rumah tangga di Indonesia terus berlanjut, memicu perlunya pengelolaan daya yang lebih efisien. Pada 2022, sektor rumah tangga menyuplai 116.095,06 GWh dari total penjualan PLN. Melihat pemborosan yang terjadi akibat kurangnya pengawasan, kajian ini merancang sistem kontrol dan pemantauan daya listrik berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) yang terkoneksi dengan aplikasi Telegram. Metode yang digunakan mencakup analisis, kajian pustaka, perancangan, dan pengujian. Jantung sistem adalah mikrokontroler ESP32, dengan sensor PZEM004T yang mengukur arus, tegangan, dan daya, serta relay yang mengendalikan beban. Data ditampilkan di LCD dan dikirim ke Telegram secara real-time. Melalui pesan Telegram, pengguna dapat mengendalikan perangkat dari jarak jauh. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan kerja sistem memuaskan. Sensor PZEM-004T mengukur tegangan dengan rata-rata error kurang dari 0,2% dan arus dengan selisih maksimum ±0,08 A. Tampilan LCD dan notifikasi Telegram berfungsi stabil. Respon kontrol melalui Telegram juga cepat dan akurat, dengan tingkat keberhasilan di atas 95%. Dengan demikian, perangkat ini efektif dalam mengelola konsumsi daya listrik di rumah tangga. Kata Kunci: Daya Listrik, IoT, Monitoring, Kontrol, Telegram, ESP32, PZEM004T
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