ANALISIS UNBALANCE PADA TURBINE PELTON AKIBAT PERUBAHAN TEKANAN AIR

RAMADHAN, RIDWAN HAFIZ (2025) ANALISIS UNBALANCE PADA TURBINE PELTON AKIBAT PERUBAHAN TEKANAN AIR. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.

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Abstract

Pelton turbine is one type of impulse turbine that is widely used in hydroelectric power generation systems, where the stability of operation is highly dependent on the balance of its runner components. The imbalance that occurs can cause an increase in excessive vibration that impacts the efficiency and lifespan of the turbine. This study aims to analyze the unbalance due to changes in water pressure that occurs in the Pelton turbine. In this experiment, vibration measurements were carried out using the FFT Analyzer CF-3600 with a data collection configuration of 4096 with a frequency range of 0 to 10 Kg Hz. In this measurement using the Hanning window. The trial was carried out at water pressure conditions of 13 psi and 18 psi which resulted in rotor rotational speeds of 153 rpm and 300 rpm. With the vibration method on the Pelton turbine, it shows that at a pressure of 13 psi, a frequency of 2.5 Hz was found at 1x rpm which indicates an unbalance in the Pelton turbine runner, in addition, with a pressure of 18 psi, a frequency of 1 x rpm or 5 Hz was found. Next, mass was added to the Pelton turbine runner at a 45º angle. Repeated measurements were taken using the CF-3600 FFT analyzer. The results showed that the additional mass eliminated the unbalance in the Pelton turbine runner. Keywords: Pelton turbine, water pressure, vibration, unbalance, CF-3600 FFT analyzer Turbin Pelton merupakan salah satu jenis turbin impuls yang banyak digunakan dalam sistem pembangkit listrik tenaga air, di mana kestabilan operasi sangat bergantung pada keseimbangan komponen runnernya. Ketidakseimbangan (unbalance) yang terjadi dapat menyebabkan peningkatan getaran berlebih yang berdampak pada efisiensi dan umur pakai turbin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis unbalance akibat perubahan tekanan air yang terjadi pada turbin Pelton. Dalam experiment ini, pengukuran getaran dilakukan menggunakan alat FFT Analyzer CF-3600 dengan konfigurasi pengambilan data sebanyak 4096 dengan range frekuensi dari 0 sampai 10 Kg Hz. Dalam pengukuran ini menggunakan Window Hanning. Uji coba dilakukan pada kondisi tekanan air sebesar 13 psi dan 18 psi yang menghasilkan kecepatan putar rotor sebesar 153 rpm dan 300 rpm. Dengan metode getaran pada turbin pelton menunjukkan bahwa pada tekanan 13 psi ditemukan adanya frekuensi sebesar 2,5 Hz pada saat 1x rpm yang menunjukkan adanya unbalance pada runner turbine pelton, selain itu dengan tekanan sebsar 18 psi ditemukan frekuensi sebesar 1 x rpm atau 5 Hz. Selanjutnya dilakukan penambahan massa pada runner tubin pelton dengan sudut 45º. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengukuran ulang dengan FFT analyzer CF-3600. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa dengan penambahan massa, dapat menghilangkan terjadinya unbalance pada runner turbin pelton. Kata kunci : turbin Pelton, tekanan air, getaran, unbalance, FFT analyzer CF-3600

Item Type:	Thesis (S1)
Call Number CD:	FT/MSN. 25 088
NIM/NIDN Creators:	41321010043
Uncontrolled Keywords:	turbin Pelton, tekanan air, getaran, unbalance, FFT analyzer CF-3600
Subjects:	600 Technology/Teknologi > 620 Engineering and Applied Operations/Ilmu Teknik dan operasi Terapan > 620.1-620.9 Standard Subdivisions of Engineering and Applied Operations/Subdivisi Standar Dari Ilmu Teknik dan operasi Terapan > 620.3 Mechanical Vibrations/Getaran Mekanis 600 Technology/Teknologi > 620 Engineering and Applied Operations/Ilmu Teknik dan operasi Terapan > 621 Applied Physics/Fisika terapan > 621.8 Machine Engineering, Machinery/Teknik Mesin
Divisions:	Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Mesin
Depositing User:	khalimah
Date Deposited:	29 Aug 2025 03:03
Last Modified:	29 Aug 2025 03:03
URI:	http://repository.mercubuana.ac.id/id/eprint/97237

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