PRADISTYATAMA, DANIEL (2025) ANALISIS GETARAN BEARING PADA TURBIN PELTON AKIBAT PENGARUH TEKANAN AIR. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
The Pelton turbine is a type of impulse turbine widely used in hydroelectric power plants, especially in conditions with small water discharge but large head. In its mechanical system, the bearing component plays a crucial role as a support for the shaft to maintain stability during operation. However, high and fluctuating water pressure can trigger unstable vibrations, which can lead to bearing damage. This study aims to analyze the effect of water pressure on bearing damage in Pelton turbines by utilizing the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method as an approach to detect vibration characteristics. The research methodology includes vibration testing on bearings in new and damaged conditions using variations in water pressure of 13 psi and 18 psi. Vibration data was collected using the FFT Analyzer CF-3600 and processed through MATLAB software to obtain the frequency spectrum. The study also uses frequency parameters such as Ball Pass Frequency Outer (BPFO), Ball Pass Frequency Inner (BPFI), Fundamental Train Frequency (FTF), and Ball Spin Frequency (BSF) to identify specific sources of damage. The test results show that in damaged bearing conditions, there is a significant increase in vibration amplitude at BSF (4.97 Hz and 9.95 Hz) and BPFO (9.53 Hz and 19.07 Hz) frequencies, which indicates damage to the ball elements and outer race. In contrast, in new bearing conditions, the frequency spectrum shows low amplitude and no typical damage frequencies are found, both at 13 psi and 18 psi pressures. By understanding these vibration frequency characteristics, a condition-based maintenance strategy can be implemented more precisely. This research contributes to the use of vibration analysis as an early diagnostic method for bearing damage in water turbine systems, as well as a basis for Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) planning to improve overall system reliability. Keywords: Pelton Turbine, Bearing, Vibration, FFT Analyzer, Water Pressure. Turbin Pelton merupakan salah satu jenis turbin impuls yang banyak digunakan dalam pembangkit listrik tenaga air, terutama pada kondisi dengan debit air kecil namun memiliki tinggi jatuh (head) yang besar. Dalam sistem mekanisnya, komponen bearing memiliki peran krusial sebagai penopang poros agar tetap stabil selama operasi. Namun, tekanan air yang tinggi dan fluktuatif dapat memicu getaran yang tidak stabil, yang berujung pada kerusakan bearing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh tekanan air terhadap kerusakan bearing pada turbin Pelton dengan memanfaatkan metode Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) sebagai pendekatan dalam mendeteksi karakteristik getaran. Metodologi penelitian ini mencakup pengujian vibrasi pada bearing dengan kondisi baru dan rusak menggunakan variasi tekanan air sebesar 13 psi dan 18 psi. Data getaran dikumpulkan menggunakan FFT Analyzer CF3600 dan diolah melalui perangkat lunak MATLAB untuk mendapatkan spektrum frekuensi. Penelitian juga menggunakan parameter frekuensi seperti Ball Pass Frequency Outer (BPFO), Ball Pass Frequency Inner (BPFI), Fundamental Train Frequency (FTF), dan Ball Spin Frequency (BSF) guna mengidentifikasi sumber kerusakan secara spesifik. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pada kondisi bearing rusak, terdapat peningkatan signifikan amplitudo getaran pada frekuensi BSF (4,97 Hz dan 9,95 Hz) dan BPFO (9,53 Hz dan 19,07 Hz), yang mengindikasikan adanya kerusakan pada elemen bola dan race luar. Sebaliknya, pada kondisi bearing baru, spektrum frekuensi menunjukkan amplitudo yang rendah dan tidak ditemukan frekuensi khas kerusakan, baik pada tekanan 13 psi maupun 18 psi. Dengan memahami karakteristik frekuensi getaran ini, strategi pemeliharaan berbasis kondisi (ConditionBased Maintenance) dapat diimplementasikan secara lebih tepat. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam pemanfaatan analisa getaran sebagai metode diagnostik awal kerusakan bearing pada sistem turbin air, serta sebagai dasar dalam perencanaan Reability Centered Maintenance (RCM) untuk meningkatkan keandalan sistem secara keseluruhan. Kata Kunci: Turbin Pelton, Bearing, Getaran, FFT Analyzer, Tekanan Air.
| Item Type: | Thesis (S1) |
|---|---|
| Call Number CD: | FT/MSN. 25 082 |
| NIM/NIDN Creators: | 41321010033 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Turbin Pelton, Bearing, Getaran, FFT Analyzer, Tekanan Air. |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology/Teknologi > 620 Engineering and Applied Operations/Ilmu Teknik dan operasi Terapan > 620.1-620.9 Standard Subdivisions of Engineering and Applied Operations/Subdivisi Standar Dari Ilmu Teknik dan operasi Terapan > 620.3 Mechanical Vibrations/Getaran Mekanis 600 Technology/Teknologi > 620 Engineering and Applied Operations/Ilmu Teknik dan operasi Terapan > 621 Applied Physics/Fisika terapan > 621.8 Machine Engineering, Machinery/Teknik Mesin |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Mesin |
| Depositing User: | khalimah |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Aug 2025 01:02 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Aug 2025 01:02 |
| URI: | http://repository.mercubuana.ac.id/id/eprint/97218 |
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