PILAT, VINCENT BRANDO (2025) SISTEM PENGENDALIAN NUTRISI UNTUK TANAMAN HIDROPONIK NFT (NUTRIENT FILM TECHNIQUE) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN LOGIKA FUZZY. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
Hydroponics is a plant cultivation method that uses water as a substitute for soil and is now widely implemented in both rural and urban areas. One commonly used technique is the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT), a method that circulates nutrient solution continuously across the plant roots, from and back to the nutrient reservoir. To achieve optimal growth, it is necessary to control the quality of the nutrient solution, particularly the pH and TDS values, so that they remain within the ideal range. The development of modern technology provides farmers with the convenience of automatically, accurately, and efficiently controlling nutrients, thereby maintaining plant growth quality.. The designed system uses the Fuzzy Sugeno Logic method to maintain pH and TDS values in the nutrient reservoir in accordance with the ideal plant standards. The hardware consists of an ESP32 microcontroller as the main data processing unit, a pH sensor, a TDS sensor, and four 12V DC peristaltic pumps that distribute ABmix solution, acid solution, base solution, and water. These four pumps are controlled through a 4-channel relay module. The software is implemented using the Arduino IDE platform for fuzzy logic processing and is integrated with a MySQL-based web platform to monitor sensor data and pump status. Testing was conducted by comparing the ESP32-based system results with fuzzy simulation calculations using MATLAB. In addition, pH and TDS sensors were calibrated using a pH meter and a TDS meter as references. Based on the calibration results, the pH sensor had an error value of 9,34% and the TDS sensor had an error value of 3,47%. The control test results showed 0% error for the ABmix Pump, 0% Acid Pump, 0% Base Pump, and 0% Water Pump. This proves that the nutrient control system based on the Fuzzy Sugeno Logic method is capable of maintaining pH and TDS values within the ideal range, thereby supporting optimal plant growth in the NFT hydroponic system. Keywords: Hydroponics, Nutrient Film Technique, Water pH Sensor, TDS Sensor, ESP32, Fuzzy Sugeno. Hidroponik merupakan metode budidaya tanaman yang memanfaatkan media air sebagai pengganti tanah, dan saat ini telah banyak diterapkan baik di pedesaan maupun perkotaan. Salah satu teknik yang umum digunakan adalah Nutrient Film Technique (NFT), yaitu metode yang mengalirkan larutan nutrisi secara sirkulasi pada akar tanaman dari dan kembali ke bak nutrisi. Untuk mencapai pertumbuhan optimal diperlukan pengendalian kualitas larutan nutrisi, terutama nilai pH dan TDS, agar tetap berada pada rentang ideal. Perkembangan teknologi modern memberikan kemudahan bagi petani untuk mengontrol nutrisi secara otomatis, akurat, dan efisien, sehingga dapat menjaga kualitas pertumbuhan tanaman. Sistem yang dirancang menggunakan metode Logika Fuzzy Sugeno untuk mempertahankan nilai pH dan TDS pada bak nutrisi sesuai dengan standar ideal tanaman. Perangkat hardware terdiri dari mikrokontroler ESP32 sebagai pusat pengolahan data, sensor pH, sensor TDS, serta empat pompa DC peristaltik 12V yang berfungsi menyalurkan larutan ABmix, larutan asam, larutan basa, dan air. Keempat pompa ini dikendalikan melalui modul relay 4 channel. Perangkat software diimplementasikan menggunakan platform Arduino IDE untuk pengolahan logika fuzzy dan diintegrasikan ke web berbasis MySQL untuk memantau data sensor dan status pompa. Pengujian dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil sistem berbasis ESP32 dengan perhitungan simulasi fuzzy menggunakan MATLAB. Selain itu, dilakukan juga proses kalibrasi sensor pH dan sensor TDS dengan menggunakan pH meter dan TDS meter sebagai pembanding. Berdasarkan hasil kalibrasi, diperoleh nilai error sensor pH sebesar 3,47% dan nilai error sensor TDS sebesar 9,34%, kemudian hasil pengujian kontrol menunjukkan nilai error 0% pada Pompa ABmix, 0% Pompa Asam, 0% Pompa Basa, dan 0% Pompa Air. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa sistem kontrol nutrisi berbasis Logika Fuzzy Sugeno yang dirancang mampu mempertahankan nilai pH dan TDS, sehingga mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman secara optimal dalam sistem hidroponik NFT. Kata kunci: Hidroponik, Nutrient Film Technique, Sensor pH Air, Sensor TDS ESP32, Fuzzy Sugeno
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