GUSDIANA, ADRIAN (2025) RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM KONTROL KAPASITOR BANK DENGAN METODE VARIASI VAR UNTUK OPTIMALISASI SWITCHING KAPASITOR BANK. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
This final project discusses the Design and Implementation of a Control System Using VAR Variation Method for Optimizing Capacitor Bank Switching, which aims to design and analyze a capacitor bank control system with varying VAR capacities to enable more optimal and efficient switching. In this study, an automatic control system was developed using an Arduino microcontroller connected to a PZEM-004T sensor to monitor electrical parameters such as voltage, current, active power, and power factor. The system regulates capacitor switching gradually based on the reactive power demand of the load. Data collection was conducted through direct testing by observing changes in power factor before and after the installation of the correction system. The test results show that the designed control system is capable of adjusting the capacitor connection in real-time according to the reactive power requirement, resulting in smoother and more stable power factor correction. Based on the analysis, the system contributes to improving energy efficiency, reducing the risk of a leading power factor condition, and providing flexibility in capacitor bank switching. The system is considered feasible for implementation in small to medium-scale electrical networks. Keywords: Capacitor Bank, Power Factor, Arduino, VAR Variation, Automation, PZEM004T Tugas akhir ini membahas tentang Rancang Bangun Sistem Kontrol dengan Metode Variasi VAR untuk Optimalisasi Switching Kapasitor Bank, yang bertujuan untuk merancang dan menganalisis sistem kontrol kapasitor bank dengan variasi kapasitas VAR agar switching dapat dilakukan lebih optimal dan efisien. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan perancangan sistem otomatis berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino yang terhubung dengan sensor PZEM-004T untuk memantau parameter daya seperti tegangan, arus, daya aktif, dan power factor. Sistem ini mengatur penyambungan kapasitor secara bertahap berdasarkan kebutuhan daya reaktif dari beban. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui pengujian langsung, dengan memantau perubahan power factor sebelum dan sesudah pemasangan sistem koreksi. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem kontrol yang dirancang mampu menyesuaikan penyambungan kapasitor sesuai kebutuhan daya reaktif secara real-time, sehingga perubahan power factor menjadi lebih halus dan stabil. Dari hasil analisis, sistem ini dapat membantu meningkatkan efisiensi energi, mengurangi risiko kondisi leading power factor, serta memberikan fleksibilitas dalam switching kapasitor bank. Sistem ini dinilai layak untuk diterapkan pada sistem kelistrikan berskala kecil hingga menengah. Kata kunci: Kapasitor Bank, Power Factor, Arduino, Variasi VAR, Otomatisasi, PZEM004T
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