PANDRIANA, AAP (2025) PENGEMBANGAN KOMPOSIT SABUT KELAPA DAN ARANG BATOK KELAPA DENGAN MATRIKS PVC MENGGUNAKAN METODE HOT PRESS PADA KAMPAS REM SEPEDA MOTOR. S2 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
This study aims to develop an environmentally friendly brake pad composite material based on coconut fiber and coconut shell charcoal powder, with PVC resin as the matrix, using the hot press method. This effort is proposed as an alternative to asbestos-based materials, which pose health hazards. Three variations of PVC resin density were obtained by altering the volume of cyclohexanone solvent. The specimens were tested to determine their mechanical properties, including tensile strength, hardness (Shore D), and coefficient of friction. The results showed that the specimen with the highest resin density delivered the best performance. The highest tensile strength was 7.7 MPa (PVC 3), the highest hardness was 72.2 HD (PVC 3), and the coefficient of friction reached 0.19 (PVC 3). All values fall within the SAE J661-1997 brake pad standard range: 4.8–15 MPa for tensile strength, 66–88 HD for hardness, and 0.14–0.27 for the coefficient of friction. Microstructural observations also showed that higher resin viscosity resulted in more uniform bonding between composite constituents. Overall, PVC resin demonstrated promising potential as an alternative matrix to epoxy resin. This local-material-based combination offers practical prospects for motorcycle brake pad applications while contributing to organic waste reduction and the development of safe, affordable, and sustainable composite materials. Keywords: brake pad, coconut fiber, coconut shell charcoal, PVC resin, hot press, mechanical properties, composite. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan material kampas rem komposit ramah lingkungan berbahan dasar serat sabut kelapa dan serbuk arang batok kelapa dengan matriks resin PVC menggunakan metode hot press. Upaya ini dilakukan sebagai alternatif pengganti material berbasis asbes yang berdampak negatif terhadap kesehatan. Tiga variasi densitas resin PVC diperoleh melalui perbedaan volume pelarut cyclohexanone. Spesimen diuji untuk mengetahui sifat mekaniknya, meliputi kekuatan tarik, kekerasan (Shore D), dan koefisien gesek. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa spesimen dengan densitas resin tertinggi memberikan performa terbaik. Kekuatan tarik maksimum sebesar 7,7 MPa pada spesimen PVC 3, kekerasan tertinggi 72,2 HD pada sepesimen PVC 3, dan koefisien gesek 0,19 pada spesimen PVC 3. Seluruh hasil berada dalam rentang standar kampas rem SAE J661-1997 yaitu 4,8 – 15 MPa untuk kekuatan tarik, 66 – 88 HD untuk kekerasan, dan 0,14 – 0,27 untuk koefisien gesek. Struktur mikro juga menunjukkan bahwa viskositas resin yang lebih tinggi menghasilkan ikatan antar material yang lebih merata. Berdasarkan keseluruhan hasil pengujian, resin PVC terbukti memiliki potensi sebagai matriks alternatif pengganti resin epoksi. Kombinasi bahan lokal ini menunjukkan prospek aplikasi nyata pada kampas rem sepeda motor, sekaligus berkontribusi dalam pengurangan limbah organik dan pengembangan material komposit yang aman, terjangkau, dan berkelanjutan. Kata kunci: kampas rem, serat sabut kelapa, arang batok kelapa, resin PVC, hot press, sifat mekanik, komposit
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