SAPUTRA, FAJAR BHASKORO CATUR (2025) DEEP LEARNING - ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK (ANN) ESTIMATION OF SILICA AND HARDNESS IN WATER TREATMENT PLANT. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
In clean water treatment, in general, there are 3 buildings or constructions, namely: Intake, Water Treatment Plant (WTP), and Reservoir. WTP is the main building or construction of a clean water treatment. WTP is a system or facility that functions to treat water from contaminated influent water quality to obtain the desired water quality treatment according to quality standards or ready for consumption. WTP is an important facility around the world that will produce clean and healthy water for consumption. Monitoring water quality by cost-effective methods is important as the aquifers are vulnerable to contamination from the uncontrolled discharge of sew-age, agricultural, and industrial activities. Faulty planning and mismanagement of WTP are the principal reasons for water quality. Application of a reliable estimation model for any WTP is essential in order to provide a tool for predicting influent water quality and to form a basis for controlling the operation of the process. The factors that influence WTP could be represented by the Alkalinity, PH, Silica, and Hardness. Silica (SiO2) is typically found in well water supplies. Most of the silica found in waters is a result of dissolving silica-containing rock. Silica content in brackish water is generally in the range of 20 to 60 ppm. The raw water has a high temperature ranging between 60-70o C, high Hardness, high Silica content, and high salts concentration. So, this water needs cooling and softening to meet membranes specifications, besides desalting to meet drinking water specifications. Whereas, Hardness of water is the measure of water capacity to precipitate soaps. Hardness minerals are calcium and magnesium in parts per million. Water hardness may be either carbonate or non-carbonate. The carbonate hardness is caused by the bicarbonate of calcium and magnesium while non-carbonate hardness is caused by the sulfate and chlorides of calcium and magnesium. Keywords: Artificial Neural Network, Silica, Hardness, Water Treatment Plant
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