UMAMI, IKA AINUN (2025) RANCANG BANGUN PENGATUR SUHU OTOMATIS DIDALAM BUS BERDASARKAN KEPADATAN PENUMPANG BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT). S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
The news in the electronic media revealed the frequent accumulation of passengers on Transjakarta buses, which triggered cases of sexual harassment and pickpocketing, including a stabbing incident on one of the passengers until August 2022. One passenger also complained about the hot temperature on the bus to the Tosari bus stop, which did not meet the standards of the Minister of Health Decree No. 1405/Menkes/SK/XI/2022 on indoor air requirements, which is a temperature of 18°C-28°C and humidity of 40%-60%. With the advancement of technology, microcontroller-based automation is now an innovative solution in creating a more efficient and controlled system. The system operates by initializing the PIR sensor to count the number of passengers. The sensor detects the number of passengers and sets the fan rotation level automatically based on the number of people detected. If the number of passengers ranges from 1-10, the fan is set to level 1; if 11-20, the fan is set to level 2; and if 21-30, the fan is set to level 3. The data obtained from the sensor readings is processed and sent to the application for real-time monitoring. System analysis shows that the system can detect the number of passengers with 70% accuracy and dynamically adjust the fan speed with 100% accuracy. In addition, object detection at various distances achieved 90% accuracy. The number of passengers and fan speed data are displayed in real-time on a smartphone with an average display time of 15 seconds. These results show good system performance, although there is still potential for improvement in accuracy and consistency. Keywords: Busway, Temperature, IOT, ESP8266, Accuracy Maraknya pemberitaan media elektronik mengungkap seringnya penumpukan penumpang di bus Transjakarta, yang memicu kasus pelecehan seksual dan pencopetan, termasuk insiden penusukan pada salah satu penumpang hingga Agustus 2022. Salah satu penumpang juga mengeluhkan suhu panas di bus menuju Halte Tosari, yang tidak sesuai standar Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan No. 1405/Menkes/SK/XI/2022 tentang persyaratan udara ruangan, yaitu suhu 18°C28°C dan kelembapan 40%-60%. Dengan kemajuan teknologi, otomatisasi berbasis mikrokontroler kini menjadi solusi inovatif dalam menciptakan sistem yang lebih efisien dan terkontrol. Sistem ini beroperasi dengan menginisialisasi sensor PIR untuk menghitung jumlah penumpang. Sensor mendeteksi jumlah penumpang dan mengatur level putaran kipas secara otomatis berdasarkan jumlah orang yang terdeteksi. Jika jumlah penumpang berkisar antara 1–10, kipas diatur ke level 1; jika 11–20, kipas diatur ke level 2; dan jika 21–30, kipas diatur ke level 3. Data yang diperoleh dari pembacaan sensor diolah dan dikirimkan ke aplikasi untuk pemantauan secara realtime. Analisis sistem menunjukkan bahwa sistem dapat mendeteksi jumlah penumpang dengan akurasi 70% dan mengatur kecepatan kipas secara dinamis dengan akurasi 100%. Selain itu, deteksi objek pada berbagai jarak mencapai akurasi 90%. Data jumlah penumpang dan kecepatan kipas ditampilkan real-time di smartphone dengan rata-rata waktu tampilan 15 detik. Hasil ini menunjukkan kinerja sistem yang baik, meskipun masih ada potensi untuk peningkatan akurasi dan konsistensi. Kata kunci : Busway, Suhu, IOT, ESP8266, Akurasi
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