SYAMS, M. SHOLIKHUL MUHDI (2025) STUDI PENGARUH PENGGANTIAN HEATING ELEMENT TERHADAP KINERJA PRIMARY AIR PREHEATER DI PLTU SURALAYA UNIT 4. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
Air preheaters are auxiliary boiler equipment that enhances efficiency by absorbing heat from flue gases. Continuous operation of the air preheater at PLTU Suralaya Unit 4 over a long period decreases equipment performance, so repairs need to be made. This study aims to analyze the causes of the air preheater's performance degradation and evaluate the impact of repairs by replacing the heating element. The analysis is conducted through calculations and comparisons of the air preheater's performance before and after the replacement of the heating element using the American Society of Mechanical Engineers-Performance Test Code Air Heater 4.3 (ASME-PTC 4.3) standard, with the calculated air preheater performance, namely Air Leakage, Gas Side Efficiency, and X-Ratio. From the calculation results, it is known that there is a change in the performance of the primary air heater after replacing the heating element in the form of a decrease in the average air heater leakage from 55.56% to 32.37%, which has an impact on increasing the Gas Side Efficiency from 53.56% to 66.23% and increasing the X-Ratio from 0.735 to 0.868. From these parameters, the replacement of the heating element has a significant effect on improving the performance of the air heater. From the analysis of the performance of the air preheater, it can be seen that the cause of the decline in the performance of the air heater heating element is air leakage, fouling, slagging, corrosion, and erosion. Keywords: Air preheater, Heating Element, Performance Air preheater adalah peralatan penunjang pada boiler yang secara umum berfungsi untuk meningkatkan efesiensi dengan menyerap panas pada gas buang. Pengoperasian air preheater di PLTU Suralaya Unit 4 secara terus-menerus dalam jangka waktu lama menyebabkan penurunan kinerja peralatan sehingga perlu dilakukan perbaikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyebab terjadinya penurunan kinerja air preheater dan mengevaluasi dampak perbaikan berupa penggantian elemen pemanas. Analisis ini dilakukan melalui perhitungan dan perbandingan kinerja air preheater sebelum dan setelah penggantian elemen pemanas dengan menggunakan standar American Society of Mechanical Engineers-Performance Test Code Air Heater 4.3 (ASME-PTC 4.3) dengan kinerja air preheater yang dihitung yaitu Air Heater Leakage, Gas Side Efficiency, dan X-Ratio. Dari hasil perhitungan diketahui bahwa terjadi perubahan kinerja primary air heater setelah dilakukan penggantian elemen pemanas berupa penurunan air heater leakage rata-rata dari 55,56% menjadi 32,37% yang berdampak pada peningkatan Gas Side Efficiency dari 53,56% menjadi 66,23% dan peningkatan X-Ratio dari 0,735 menjadi 0,868. Dari parameter tersebut penggantian elemen pemanas memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan memperbaiki kinerja air heater. Dari analisa kinerja air heater dapat diketahui penyebab mennurunnya kinerja elemen pemanas air heater berupa kebocoran udara, fouling, slagging, korosi, dan erosi. Kata kunci : Air preheater, Elemen Pemanas, Kinerja
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