PENGUJIAN KAMPAS REM NON ASBES VARIAN LIMBAH KULIT SINGKONG SABUT KELAPA DAN SERBUK ALUMUNIUM DENGAN PEREKAT RESIN POLYESTER

KUSMANTO, HARI (2024) PENGUJIAN KAMPAS REM NON ASBES VARIAN LIMBAH KULIT SINGKONG SABUT KELAPA DAN SERBUK ALUMUNIUM DENGAN PEREKAT RESIN POLYESTER. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.

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Abstract

Currently, technological developments in the automotive sector are very rapid, especially in aerodynamics and engine performance with increasing power produced. Therefore, an effective and safe braking system is needed in the vehicle. Cassava peel can be used as a raw material for making it because it contains a fairly high carbon element of 59.31%. Therefore, composite innovation is needed with alternative basic materials to replace asbestos which is dangerous for human health and environmentally friendly. The aim of this research is to determine the characteristics of the hardness test and friction coefficient test on composite brake linings for cassava peel waste, coconut fiber, aluminum powder and polyester resin, to determine the optimal hardness and friction coefficient values. The method used in this research was carried out by dividing the brake lining test specimens into 5 composition variations by compressing them at room temperature at 5000 psi for 45 minutes and heating at 200oC for 60 minutes. Then hardness testing is carried out using a hardness test machine and friction coefficient testing. In this study there were 5 combinations of specimens with a compositional composition ratio for each specimen, composition 1 used a ratio of 15% cassava peel powder, 30% coconut fiber powder, 15% aluminum powder and 40% resin (CS35CP10AI15R40), combination 2 used shell powder cassava 20%, coconut fiber powder 25% (CS30CP15AI15R40), combination 3 using cassava peel powder 25%, coconut fiber powder 20% (CS25CP20AI15R40), combination 4 cassava peel powder 30%, coconut fiber powder 15% (CS20CP25AI15R40), combination 5 cassava peel powder 35%, coconut fiber powder 10%, (CS15CP30AI15R40). The hardness value with the mixed combination (CS35CP10AI15R40) was 11.69, (CS30CP15AI15R40) was 10.92, (CS25CP20AI15R40) was 6.10, (CS20CP25AI15R40) was 5.68, (CS15CP30AI15R40) was 5.48. The five specimens are still below the SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) standard of 33 BHN. The wear value with the mixture combination (CS35CP10AI15R40) is 0.518, (CS30CP15AI15R40) is 0.611, (CS25CP20AI15R40) is 0.723, (CS20CP25AI15R40) is 0.390, (CS15CP30AI15R40) is 0.314. If compared as a whole, the combination of specimen 1 is close to the characteristic value of Standard Genuine Part brake cotton. From the data from the friction coefficient testing results, it can be concluded that the more coconut belt powder in the specimen composition, the lower the hardness value and the lower the friction coefficient of a composite. Keyword : brake pads, cassava peel, coconut fiber, aluminium powder, resin. Saat ini perkembangan teknologi dalam bidang otomotif sangat pesat khususnya dalam aerodinamika dan performa mesin dengan meningkatnya tenaga yang di hasilkan. Oleh karena itu di butuhkan sistem pengereman yang efektif dan juga safety dalam kendaraan. Kulit singkong dapat di gunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan karena mengandung unsur karbon yang cukup tinggi sebesar 59,31%. Oleh karena itu diperlukan Inovasi komposit dengan bahan dasar alternatif penganti asbes yang berbahaya bagi Kesehatan manusia dan ramah lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik terhadap uji daya kekerasan,uji koesfesien gesek dan foto struktur mikro pada kampas rem komposit terhadap limbah kulit singkong ,sabut kelapa, serbuk alumunium dan resin polyester, untuk mengetahui nilai kekerasan dan koefesien gesek yang optimal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan dengan cara membagi menjadi 5 variasi komposisi pada spesimen uji kampas rem dengan penekanan kompaksi suhu ruang sebesar 5000 psi selama 45 menit dan pemanasan pada suhu 200oC selama 60 menit. Yang kemudian dilakukan pengujian kekerasan dengan mesin hardness test dan pengujian koefesien gesek. Pada penelitian ini terdapat 5 kombinasi specimen dengan Paduan komposisi komposisi perbandingan masing masing specimen, komposisi 1 mengunakan perbandingan serbuk kulit singkong 15%, serbuk sabut kelapa 30%, serbuk alumunium 15%, dan resin 40% (CS35CP10AI15R40), kombinasi 2 mengunakan serbuk kulit singkong 20%, Serbuk sabut kelapa 25% (CS30CP15AI15R40), kombinasi 3 mengunakan serbuk kulit singkong 25%, serbuk sabut kelapa 20% (CS25CP20AI15R40), kombinasi 4 serbuk kulit singkong 30%, serbuk sabut kelapa 15% (CS20CP25AI15R40), kombinasi 5 serbuk kulit singkong 35%, serbuk sabut kelapa 10%, (CS15CP30AI15R40). Nilai kekerasan dengan kombinasi campuran (CS35CP10AI15R40) sebesar 11,69, (CS30CP15AI15R40) sebesar10,92, (CS25CP20AI15R40) sebesar 6,10, (CS20CP25AI15R40) sebesar 5,68, (CS15CP30AI15R40) sebesar 5,48. Kelima Spesimen masih dibawah standar SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) sebesar 33 BHN. Nilai keausan dengan kombinasi campuran (CS35CP10AI15R40) sebesar 0,518, (CS30CP15AI15R40) sebesar 0,611, (CS25CP20AI15R40) sebesar 0,723, (CS20CP25AI15R40) sebesar 0,390, (CS15CP30AI15R40) sebesar 0,314. Jika di bandingkan secara keseluruhan, kombinasi specimen 1 yang mendekati niilai karakteristik dengan kapas rem Standart Genuine Part. Dari data hasil pengujian koefesien gesek dapat di simpulkan bahwa semakin banyak komposisi serbuk sabuk kelapa pada komposisi specimen dapat menurunya nilai kekerasan dan menurunya koefesien gesek dari suatu komposit. Kata kunci : kampas rem, serbuk kulit singkong, serbuk sabut kelapa, serbuk aluminium, resin.

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