ANALISIS RUGI MAYOR DAN RUGI MINOR PADA ALAT UJI RUGI-RUGI ALIRAN DALAM PIPA

WIBOWO, AGUS SETIAWAN (2023) ANALISIS RUGI MAYOR DAN RUGI MINOR PADA ALAT UJI RUGI-RUGI ALIRAN DALAM PIPA. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.

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Abstract

Pipes are components that are widely used for fluid distribution and are widely chosen because of their many types, shapes and sizes. The flowing fluid determines the type and shape of the piping installation and its distribution, often using fittings, elbows, or flanges. The use of joints will cause complex problems in pipe installation, namely flow losses in the pipe in the form of major and minor losses. The research was carried out by testing pipe flow loss tools on straight pipes of PVC, Galvanized, stainless type and pipe components such as elbows, reducers, and valves to calculate the occurrence of pressure drops, major and minor losses. The test is carried out by measuring the incoming and outgoing pressure using a pressure gauge with variations in valve openings of ଵ ଷ , ଶ ଷ and ଷ ଷ . After testing, it is then calculated to find out how much the pressure drop, major loss and minor loss are. The biggest pressure drop was 3236 Pa Galvanized steel pipes, 3138 Pa Stainlees Steel pipes and 2157 Pa PVC pipes. At Elbow 450 it is 981 Pa and 4903 Pa for Elbow 900 , the increase in cross-sectional enlargement reducer pressure is 5884 Pa, the sudden narrowing reducer pressure drop is 2942 Pa, the ball valve is 2942 Pa, and the gate valve is 3432 Pa. Then the biggest major loss for Galvanized steel pipe is 0,33 m, Stainlees Steel pipe is 0,32 m and PVC pipe is 0,22 m and the biggest minor loss for Elbow 450 is 0,10 m and 0,50 m for Elbow 900 , reducer ( sudden enlargement) 0,693 m, reducer (sudden narrowing) 0,207 m, Ball Valve 0,30 m, and Gate Valve 0,35 m. Keywords: Pressure drop, major losses, minor losses, pipes Pipa merupakan komponen yang banyak digunakan untuk pendistribusian fluida dan banyak dipilih karena banyak jenis, bentuk serta ukurannya. Fluida yang dialirkan menentukan jenis dan bentuk dari instalasi pemipaan serta pendistribusiannya sering menggunakan sambungan pipa (fittings), pipa lengkung (elbow), maupun flange. Pengunaan sambungan akan menimbulkan permasalahan kompleks pada instalasi pipa yaitu rugi-rugi aliran dalam pipa yang berupa rugi-rugi mayor maupun minor. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan pengujian alat rugi-rugi aliran pipa pada pipa lurus jenis PVC, Galvanis, stainless dan komponen pipa seperti elbow, reducer,dan valve untuk menghitung terjadinya penurunan tekanan, rugi mayor, dan minor. Pengujian dilakukan dengan mengukur tekanan yang masuk dan keluar menggunakan pressure gauge dengan variasi bukaan katup ଵ ଷ , ଶ ଷ dan ଷ ଷ . Setelah dilakukan pengujian kemudian dihitung untuk mengetahui berapa penurunan tekanan, rugi mayor dan rugi minor. Dihasilkan penurunan tekanan terbesar pipa Galvanized steel 3236 Pa, pipa Stainlees Steel 3138 Pa dan pipa PVC sebesar 2157 Pa. Pada Elbow 450 sebesar 981 Pa dan 4903 Pa untuk Elbow 900 , peningkatan tekanan reducer perbesaran penampang yaitu 5884 Pa, penurunan tekanan reducer penyempitan mendadak yaitu 2942 Pa, ball valve sebesar 2942 Pa, dan gate valve sebesar 3432 Pa. Kemudian rugi mayor terbesar pipa Galvanized steel sebesar 0,33 m, pipa Stainlees Steel 0,32 m dan pipa PVC sebesar 0,22 m dan rugi minor terbesar Elbow 450 sebesar 0,10 m dan 0,50 m untuk Elbow 900 , reducer (pembesaran mendadak) 0,693 m, reducer (penyempitan mendadak) 0,207 m, Ball Valve 0,30 m, dan Gate Valve 0,35 m. Kata Kunci: Penurunan tekanan, mayor losses, minor losses, pipa

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