LUBIS, GIBSON (2019) GAMBARAN INTERNALIZED STIGMA PADA PENDERITA SKIZOFRENIA (*Skizofrenia Fase Residual). S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
This study aims to obtain a picture of internalized stigma in people with schizophrenia. This study uses a qualitative approach. The characteristics of the study subjects included men or women aged over twenty seven years, had or were experiencing schizophrenia in the residual phase; on the condition that "I have experienced schizophrenia for the past year, still have some symptoms of schizophrenia but no longer dominate the clinical picture, have passed outpatient care for at least one year, have experienced relapse". The subjects in this study were five people (four men and one woman); with different characteristics and backgrounds. Data collection techniques are done by interview and observation. The results of this study indicate that every person with schizophrenia has a tendency to internalize themselves against schizophrenia that is experienced in the form of not confident, withdrawing and protecting themselves from social interactions. Each subject is aware of the social stigma towards those who are schizophrenic; and consider the social stigma as a natural thing, because each of them has been a social stigmator when before experiencing schizophrenia. Internalized stigma that occurs in each individual tends to be influenced by the individual paradigm factor itself. Each subject stigmatizes themselves through their patterns of views and understanding as they judge other people who suffer from schizophrenia. Keywords: Schizophrenia sufferers, internalized stigma, thought projection, social interaction. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran internalized stigma pada orang penderita skizofrenia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Karakteristik subjek penelitian meliputi pria atau wanita berusia diatas dua puluh tujuh tahun, telah atau sedang mengalami skizofrenia dalam fase residual; dengan syarat “telah mengalami skizofrenia selama satu tahun terakhir, masih memiliki beberapa gejala skizofrenia tetapi tidak lagi mendominasi gambaran klinisnya, sudah melewati rawat jalan minimal satu tahun, pernah mengalami relapse”. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah lima orang (empat orang laki-laki dan satu orang perempuan); dengan karakteristik dan latar belakang yang berbeda–beda. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa setiap penderita skizofrenia memiliki kecenderung menginternalisasi diri atas skizofrenia yang dialami yaitu berupa tidak percaya diri, menarik diri dan memproteksi diri dari interaksi sosial. Setiap subjek menyadari adanya stigma sosial terhadap mereka yang skizofrenia; dan menganggap stigma sosial tersebut sebagai hal yang wajar, sebab masing-masing mereka pernah menjadi stigmator sosial ketika sebelum mengalami skizofrenia. Internalized stigma yang terjadi pada setiap individu cenderung dipengaruhi oleh faktor paradigma individu itu sendiri. Setiap subjek memberikan stigma pada diri mereka melalui pola pandangan dan pemahamannya sebagaimana mereka menilai orang lain yang menderita skizofrenia. Kata kunci: Penderita skizofrenia, internalized stigma, proyeksi pikiran, interaksi sosial.
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