ANALISIS NILAI EFEKTIVITAS PERPINDAHAN PANAS ALAT PENUKAR KALOR SHELL AND TUBE DENGAN FLUIDA KERJA AIR DAN ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE

LISTANTO, GALANG DIENUL (2023) ANALISIS NILAI EFEKTIVITAS PERPINDAHAN PANAS ALAT PENUKAR KALOR SHELL AND TUBE DENGAN FLUIDA KERJA AIR DAN ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.

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Abstract

One of the most important units in VCM production is the heat exchanger. One of the most frequently used heat exchangers is the shell and tube, with ethylene dichloride as a raw material for VCM. The shell and tube functions as a condenser to lower the temperature of the ethylene dichloride. The problem that often occurs in shell and tube is the accumulation of ethylene dichloride on the tube of the heat exchanger. Fouling has been a problem since heat exchangers were invented. Fouling can be defined as the formation of a deposit layer on the heat transfer surface of an unwanted material or compound. The formation of this deposit layer will continue to grow as long as the heat exchanger is operated. Accumulation of deposits on the surface of the heat exchanger causes a decrease in pressure and reduces the efficiency of heat transfer. Failures that occur in shell and tube ethylene dichloride heat exchangers will cause production failures, damage to the system, environmental impacts because ethylene dichloride is a hazardous chemical, as well as increased maintenance costs to repair the heat exchanger. Therefore, in this study, the authors analyzed the effectiveness of the VH132 shell and tube heat exchanger using the Log Mean Temperature Difference method. According to the design, the inlet temperature of the tube with EDC fluid has a temperature of 90°C and the exit temperature of the tube with EDC fluid has a temperature of 55°C, and the effectiveness is 60%. However, when the researchers collected and analyzed data starting from 10 February 2023 to 12 May 2023, they found the highest temperature at the exit of the tube, which was 62.51224°C with an effectiveness of 43.58979%. With a Tco of 62.51224°C, it means that it has exceeded the limit of alarm 1 VB132 (VB132 is an EDC receiver from Tco VH132, alarm 1 is 62°C). So the researchers also carried out a regression to find out when the condition of VH132 reached the limit of alarm 3 (alarm 3 which was 68˚C / 35%). It was found that on May 31, 2024 the effectiveness of VH132 was 35.0459287%, so before that VH132 had to be turned off and needed cleaning. Keywords: VCM, ethylene dichloride, shell and tube, VH132, fouling Salah satu unit terpenting dalam produksi VCM adalah alat penukar kalor. Salah satu alat penukar kalor yang sering digunakan adalah shell and tube, dengan fluida kerja ethylene dichloride sebagai bahan baku VCM. Shell and tube berfungsi sebagai kondensor untuk menurunkan temperatur ethylene dichloride. Permasalahan yang sering terjadi pada shell and tube yaitu penumpukan ethylene dichloride pada tube alat penukar kalor tersebut. Fouling sudah menjadi masalah sejak alat penukar kalor ditemukan. Fouling dapat didefinisikan sebagai pembentukan lapisan deposit pada permukaan perpindahan panas dari suatu bahan atau senyawa yang tidak diinginkan. Pembentukan lapisan deposit ini akan terus berkembang selama alat penukar kalor dioperasikan. Akumulasi deposit pada permukaan alat penukar kalor menimbulkan penurunan pressure dan menurunkan efisiensi perpindahan panas. Kegagalan yang terjadi pada alat penukar kalor shell and tube ethylene dichloride akan menyebabkan kegagalan produksi, kerusakan pada sistem, dampak lingkungan karena ethylene dichloride merupakan bahan kimia yang berbahaya, dan juga meningkatnya cost maintenance untuk melakukan perbaikan alat penukar kalor tersebut. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini, penulis melakukan analisis terhadap besarnya nilai efektivitas alat penukar kalor shell and tube VH132 dengan metode Log Mean Temperature Difference. Menurut design, temperatur masuk tube dengan fluida EDC memiliki temperatur 90°

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