ANALISIS SISTEM PENTANAHAN PADA JARINGAN TEGANGAN RENDAH DI GEDUNG MAL JAYAPURA

SUWARNA, ATING PRIHATIN (2023) ANALISIS SISTEM PENTANAHAN PADA JARINGAN TEGANGAN RENDAH DI GEDUNG MAL JAYAPURA. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Bekasi.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Salah satu syarat dalam sistem jaringan tegangan rendah pada suatu gedung adalah mempunyai Sistem Pentanahan yang baik dan benar, terutama untuk Peralatan Safety / Peralatan Proteksi gedung terhadap kebocoran arus kejut yang timbul dari sisi internal seperti rusaknya isolasi peralatan maupun dari sisi external seperti dari sambaran Petir. Persyaratan pentanahan sesuai peraturan PUIL tahun 2000 menjadi tolok ukur batas maksimum 5 Ohm. Penyimpangan nilai tahanan yang berada diatas ambang batas pada Jaringan tegangan rendah di Mal Jayapura membuat sistem proteksi gagal bekerja sebagaimana mestinya seperti Earth Fault Relay pada PUTR, lebih jauh lagi dapat membahayakan orang yang menyentuh perangkat listrik yang terhubung pendek tersebut, juga dapat merusak komponen kontrol elektronik yang terkena imbas dari kebocoran arus kejut tersebut. Dari masalah ini saya tertarik untuk dijadikan bahan penelitian, untuk mengetahui masalahnya dan dapat mengembalikan kepada sistem yang ideal. Melalui Kajian dan perencanaan ulang sistem pentanahan serta menerapkan metode geolistrik, serta hukum kirchoff untuk perhitungan tahanan Paralel didapat formulasi nilai pentanahan yang hasil memenuhi syarat PUIL 2000, serta membuat suatu rangkaian EFR yang akan bekerja saat terjadi kebocoran arus mulai 100-500 mA serta dikombinasikan dengan Relay tegangan jatuh PhaseGround, sehingga jika Nilai tahanan pentanahan naik dan tegangan jatuh dibawah 10% dari tegangan nominal maka relay akan tetap bekerja. Kata kunci: Earth Fault relay, metode geolistrik, relay tegangan jatuh. ABSTRACT One of the requirements in a low-voltage network system in a building is to have a good and correct grounding system, especially for safety equipment/building protection equipment against leakage of shock currents that arise from the internal side such as damage to equipment insulation and from the outer side such as from lightning strikes. Grounding requirements according to the 2000 PUIL regulations are a benchmark for a maximum limit of 5 Ohms. Deviation of the resistance value which is above the threshold on the low voltage network in the Jayapura Mall makes the protection system fail to work correctly such as the Earth Fault Relay in PUTR, furthermore, it can endanger people who touch the short-circuited electrical devices, it can also damage electronic control components affected by the shock current leakage. From this problem I am interested in being used as research material, to find out the problem and be able to return to an ideal system. Through the study and re-planning of the grounding system and applying the geoelectrical method, as well as Kirchoff's law for the calculation of parallel resistance, a grounding value formulation is obtained that meets the PUIL 2000 requirements and creates an EFR circuit that will work when a leakage current occurs from 100-500 mA and is combined with Phase-Ground voltage drop relay so that if the ground resistance value rises. If the voltage falls below 10% of the nominal voltage, the relay will continue to work. Keywords : Fault relay, geoelectric method, voltage drop relay.

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