KETAHANAN MATERIAL INSULASI KABEL PRODUKSI DALAM NEGERI TERHADAP RADIASI GAMMA UNTUK CNC ROUTER DISMANTLING MACHINE

GOGO, ANTONIO (2022) KETAHANAN MATERIAL INSULASI KABEL PRODUKSI DALAM NEGERI TERHADAP RADIASI GAMMA UNTUK CNC ROUTER DISMANTLING MACHINE. S2 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.

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Abstract

Non-metalic materials from domestic low-voltage cable insulation will be used in CNC-Routers as a dismantling machine for MTR-fuel and PHWR-fuel nuclear fuel bundles in hot cells (high gamma radiation exposured), and the insulation resistance of the cable against gamma radiation be the focus of this research. The material received in the form of granules (as received) is then made into sheets at the power cable factory, then made into test samples. The test samples were irradiated with gamma (Gamma Cell, Cobalt-60) with doses of 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 kGy then characterization of the mechanical properties was carried out by testing tensile, electrical conductivity, thermal properties with TGA-DSC, XRD, FTIR, and surface morphology by SEM. Stress decreased significantly with increasing gamma radiation dose up to 400 kGy, after that it increased at 800 kGy gamma radiation dose. In the data on the percentage of elongation vs. gamma radiation dose, it is seen that the decrease in the percentage of elongation is in line with the higher dose of gamma radiation received. Based on the XRD test, there was no significant difference in the diffraction pattern between the non-gammairradiated test material and the gamma-irradiated test material, with a larger variation in radiation dose. This indicates that there is no significant phase change of the crystalline compound contained in the related test sample. The FTIR results show that there is a fluctuating transmittance difference between the test sample with different doses of gamma radiation and the test sample that is not gamma irradiated. The presence of a wider spectrum at 400 kGy and 800 kGy, at wave numbers 3369 – 3370 cm-1 , indicates the presence of O-H strain groups. The TGA results show that the remaining mass tends to fluctuate as well as the melting temperature and initial melting temperature, with respect to the radiation dose. The procentasge of crystallinity based on enthalpy ratio with 100% crystallinity of PVC polymer tends to decrease with increasing gamma radiation dose. On surface morphology at 50x magnification, hills and valleys are clearly visible compared to other magnifications (250x, 500x and 1000x), and smoothing is seen on surface morphology with a dose of 800 kGy. The results of this test indicate that the radiation resistance of the samples tested, at 168 kGy, is based on a 50% decrease in the elongation percentage value of the material compared to before irradiation. There has been no loss of elongation at a dose of 800 kGy because it still shows an elongation percentage at break of around 3. This indicates that the sample at a dose of 800 kGy is not yet brittle (loss of elongation / brittleness failure) and the percentage of crystallinity is still more than 50% and still functions as an insulator. Key words: electrical cable insulation materials, domestic product, gamma radiation, mechanical, thermal Material non-logam dari insulasi kabel tegangan rendah produk domestik akan digunakan pada CNC-Routers sebagai dismantling machine bundel bahan bakar nuklir jenis MTR-fuel dan PHWR-fuel di hot cell (paparan radiasi gamma tinggi), dan ketahanan insulasi kabel tersebut terhadap radiasi gamma menjadi fokus dari penelitian ini. Material yang diterima dalam bentuk granul (as received) kemudian dibuat menjadi lembaran di pabrik kabel listrik, kemudian dijadikan sampel uji. Sampel uji diiradiasi dengan gamma (Gamma Cell, Cobalt-60) dengan dosis 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 dan 800 kGy kemudian dilakukan karakterisasi sifat mekanik dengan uji tarik, konduktivitas listrik, sifat termal dengan TGA-DSC, XRD, FTIR, dan morfologi permukaan dengan SEM. Stress menurun secara signifikan dengan meningkatnya dosis radiasi gamma hingga 400 kGy, setelah itu meningkat pada 800 kGy dosis radiasi gamma. Pada data prosentase elongasi vs dosis radiasi gamma, terjadi penurunan prosentase elongasi sejalan dengan semakin tinggi dosis radiasi gamma yang diterima. Berdasarkan uji XRD, tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata pada pola difraksi antara bahan uji yang tidak diiradiasi gamma dan bahan uji yang diiradiasi gamma, dengan variasi dosis radiasi yang lebih besar. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perubahan fasa yang signifikan dari senyawa kristal yang terkandung dalam sampel uji terkait. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan perbedaan transmitansi yang fluktuatif antara sampel uji dengan dosis radiasi gamma yang berbeda dengan sampel uji yang tidak diiradiasi gamma. Adanya spektrum yang semakin melebar pada 400 kGy dan 800 kGy, pada bilangan gelombang 3369 – 3370 cm-1 , menunjukkan adanya gugus regangan O-H. Hasil TGA menunjukkan bahwa massa yang tersisa cenderung berfluktuasi serta suhu leleh dan suhu awal leleh, sehubungan dengan dosis radiasi. Prosentase kristalinitas berdasarkan rasio entalpi dengan polimer PVC 100% kristalin cenderung menurun dengan meningkatnya dosis radiasi. Morfologi permukaan, pada perbesaran 50x terlihat lebih jelas penampakan bukit dan lembah dibandingkan perbesaran lainnya (250x, 500x dan 1000x), dan pada morfologi permukaan dengan dosis 800 kGy terlihat terjadinya smoothing. Hasil pengujian ini menunjukkan bahwa ketahanan radiasi sampel yang diuji, pada 168 kGy berdasarkan penurunan 50% nilai prosentase elongasi material dibandingkan sebelum diiradiasi. Belum terjadi loss of elongation pada dosis gamma 800 kGy karena masih menunjukkan prosentase elongasi putus sekitar 3. Hal ini mengindikasi bahwa sampel dengan dosis 800 kGy belum rapuh (loss of elongation / brittleness failure) dan persentase kristalinitasnya masih lebih dari 50% dan masih berfungsi sebagai isolator. Kata kunci: Material insulasi kabel listrik; produk domestic; radiasi gamma; mekanikal; termal

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