ARIYANTO, ANDI ERWAN (2022) ANALISIS PENGARUH NILAI KALORI BATUBARA TERHADAPEFISIENSI BOILER DAN KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR UNIT 1 PLTU MERAK ENERGI INDONESIA. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
As the object of study for this final project/thesis is to study the performance characteristics of PLTU operating using coal as fuel. The power plant is operated by a private company PT MEI in Cilegon Banten. The problem faced by the PLTU is that the characteristics of the coal used are not always the same during the period of operation so that the calorific value varies. This has an influence on the performance of the boiler in particular, and on the performance of the PLTU as a whole. The research method used is the method of calculation analysis. There are 4 stages for the completion process, namely: literature study, boiler operation data collection and coal analysis, boiler efficiency calculation, NPHR, GPHR, SFC, analysis and conclusions. In its operation, 3 types of coal calorific value are used, namely 3535 Kcal/Kg, 3636 Kcal/Kg and 3823 Kcal/Kg. This study aims to determine the effect of the calorific value of coal on the efficiency of the CFB boiler, the value of gross plant heat rate (GPHR), net plant heat rate (NPHR) and specific fuel consumption (SFC) in unit 1 PLTU PT MEI. Efficiency calculation is done by heat loss method or heat loss. This research resulted in different boiler efficiencies. The highest boiler efficiency value is 82.54% with 3823 kcal/kg coal calories. Specific fuel consumption, NPHR and GPHR are also affected by calorific value. Where each value is GPHR 2794.6 kcal/kwh, NPHR 3175 kcal/kwh and SFC is 0.73 kg/kwh. Keywords: coal calories, boiler efficiency, gross factory heat rate, net factory heat rate, specific fuel consumption. Sebagai objek studi untuk tugas akhir/skripsi ini adalah mempelajari karakteristik performance PLTU yang beroperasi menggunakan bahan bakar batu bara. PLTU tersebut dioperasikan oleh sebuah perusahaan swasta PT MEI di Cilegon Banten. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh PLTU tersebut adalah karakteristik batu bara yang dipergunakannya tidak selalu sama pada periode pengoperasiannya sehingga nilai kalorinya berubah-ubah. Hal tersebut memberikan pengaruh terhadap kinerja boiler secara khusus, dan terhadap performance PLTU secara keseluruhan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode analisis perhitungan. Terdapat 4 tahapan untuk proses penyelesaian yaitu : studi literatur, pengambilan data operasi boiler dan analisis batu bara, perhitungan boiler efisiensi, NPHR, GPHR, SFC, analisis dan kesimpulan. Dalam pengoperasiannya dipergunakan 3 jenis nilai kalori batu bara, yaitu 3535 Kcal/Kg, 3636 Kcal/Kg dan 3823 Kcal/Kg. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh nilai kalori pada batu bara terhadap efisiensi boiler CFB, nilai gross plant heat rate (GPHR), nett plant heat rate (NPHR) dan specific fuel consumption (SFC) pada unit 1 PLTU PT MEI. Perhitungan efisiensi dilakukan dengan metode heatloss atau kerugian panas. Penelitian ini menghasilkan efisiensi boiler yang berbeda-beda. Nilai efisiensi boiler tertinggi adalah 82.54 % dengan kalori batu bara 3823 kcal/kg. Konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik, NPHR dan GPHR juga dipengaruhi oleh nilai kalori. Nilai GPHR adalah 2794.6 kcal/kwh, NPHR 3175 kcal/kwh dan SFC adalah 0.73 kg/kwh. Kata Kunci : kalori batu bara, efisiensi boiler, gross plant heat rate, net plant heat rate, specific fuel consumption.
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