YUNIATEN, AMITA (2022) ANALISA PERBAIKAN FAKTOR DAYA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KAPASITOR BANK DI GEDUNG BJ HABIBIE BADAN RISET DAN INOVASI NASIONAL. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
One of the problems in distributing electrical power to the load center is the deterioration of the power factor caused by the use of inductive electrical loads, such as electric motors and electronic devices. Observations made through a case study in the BJ Habibie Building of the National Research and Innovation Agency in investigated the effect of installing capacitor banks in the Auxiliary Equipment section which is used for power factor improvement with capacitor bank compensators that produce capacitive reactive power (Leading) to counteractive reactive power inductive (Lagging) three-phase electrical load. Where through the results of calculations carried out to improve the load power factor in the BJ Habibie Building of the National Research and Innovation Agency, from the power factor at the beginning T1 of 0.81 to 0.99 in Qc 239.81 KVAR and in T4 the initial power factor of 0.83 to 0.99 in Qc 71,080 KVAR, the capacitor used in the BJ Habibie Building connected to a triangle then the magnitude of the capacitor capacitance is 4775.81 μF for T1 and 1395.06 μF for T4. Based on the calculation of the profit from the installation of capacitors, the current decreased at T1 by 53.02% and the efficiency of the quasi-power decrease by 17.63% while in T4 the current decreased by 56.6% and the efficiency of the pseudo-power decrease by 16.94%. As for the calculation of the total cost of the bill before installing the capacitor on T1 amounting to IDR 39,033,115.77 and after that it became IDR 33,204,331.07 so as to save IDR 5,828,784.7 and for T4 before the installation of costs for a month of IDR 12,450,867.39 and after that it became IDR 11,536,750.6 so as to save as much as IDR. 12,450,867.39 and after that it became IDR 11,536,750.6 so as to save as much as IDR 914,116.79. Salah satu permasalahan dalam penyaluran daya listrik ke pusat beban adalah memburuknya faktor daya (power factor) yang diakibatkan oleh pemakaian bebanbeban listrik yang bersifat induktif, seperti motor-motor listrik dan alat elektronik. Pengamatan yang dilakukan melalui studi kasus di Gedung BJ Habibie Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional ini menyelediki tentang pengaruh pemasangan kapasitor bank pada bagian Auxiliary Equipment yang digunakan untuk perbaikan faktor daya (power factor) dengan kompensator kapasitor bank yang menghasilkan daya reaktif kapasitif (Leading) untuk melawan daya reaktif induktif (Lagging) beban listrik tiga phasa. Dimana melalui hasil perhitungan yang dilakukan guna perbaikan faktor daya beban di Gedung BJ Habibie Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, dari faktor daya pada T1 mula-mula sebesar 0,81 menjadi 0,99 pada Qc 239,81 KVAR dan di T4 faktor daya mula-mula sebesar 0,83 menjadi 0,99 pada Qc 71,080 KVAR , kapasitor yang digunakan di Gedung Bj Habibie terhubung segitiga maka besar kapasitansi kapasitor sebesar 4775,81 µF untuk T1 dan 1395,06 µF pada T4. Berdasarkan perhitungan keuntungan dari pemasangan kapasitor bank arus menurun pada T1 sebesar 53,02% dan efisiensi penurunan daya semunya sebesar 17,63% sedangkan pada T4 arus menurun sebesar 56,6% dan efisiensi penurunan daya semunya sebesar 16,94%. Sedangkan untuk perhitungan biaya total tagihan sebelum dilakukannya pemasangan kapasitor pada T1 sebesar Rp 39.033.115,77 dan setelahnya menjadi sebesar Rp 33.204.331,07 sehingga menghemat sebesar Rp 5.828.784,7 dan untuk T4 sebelum dilakukannya pemasangan biaya selama sebulan sebesar Rp 12.450.867,39 dan setelahnya menjadi sebesar Rp 11.536.750,6 sehingga menghemat sebesar Rp 914.116,79.
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