RANCANG BANGUN PROTOTIPE DETEKTOR RADIASI SINAR-X

NUGRAHA, FIRDIN ARIA (2022) RANCANG BANGUN PROTOTIPE DETEKTOR RADIASI SINAR-X. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana.

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Abstract

X-rays are exposure to electromagnetic waves such as radio waves, heat, light, and ultraviolet light but with shorter wavelengths. The wavelength of X-rays is only 1/1000 the wavelength of visible light, so they have a very high penetrating power. X-ray radiation has a very large penetrating power so that it can penetrate the skin and even penetrate the human body so that it has a significant potential for external radiation hazards. In order to minimize the risk of the dangers of x-ray radiation, an x-ray radiation detector is needed for the safety of radiation workers and the surrounding community. The detection mechanism focuses on the aspect of radiation interaction with the detector material. The detector is a material that is sensitive or sensitive to radiation which when exposed to radiation will produce a response, each type of radiation has a different interaction mechanism, a detector material has a different sensitivity to the type and energy of radiation. Research related to the design of the x-ray radiation detector has been carried out by Sujadmoko with the title "Design of the Geiger Mueller Detector". The conclusion from his research is that the detector is successful, as can be seen from the plateau length of more than 200 volts and the slope of less than 10% per 100 volts. The Geiger Mueller detector requires a large operating voltage between about 500 volts to 1000 volts, therefore the authors designed a prototype x-ray radiation detector to detect x-ray radiation, using the ionization chamber method. This research can be concluded successful because the prototype x-ray radiation detector can detect the presence of x-ray radiation sources but with a limited distance. Keywords: prototype, detector, radiation, x-ray, ionization, measuring instrument Sinar-X adalah paparan gelombang elektromagnetik sejenis gelombang radio, panas, cahaya, dan sinar ultraviolet tetapi dengan panjang gelombang yang lebih pendek. Panjang gelombang sinar-X hanya 1/1000 panjang gelombang cahaya yang kelihatan, sehingga memiliki daya tembus yang sangat besar. Radiasi sinar-X memiliki daya tembus sangat besar sehingga bisa menembus kulit dan bahkan menembus tubuh manusia sehingga mempunyai potensi bahaya radiasi eksterna yang signifikan. Agar dapat meminimalisir resiko bahaya radiasi sinar-x maka dibutuhkan alat pendeteksi radiasi sinar-x bagi keselamatan pekerja radiasi maupun masyarakat sekitar. Mekanisme pedekteksian menitikberatkan pada aspek interaksi radiasi dengan bahan detektor. Detektor merupakan suatu bahan yang peka atau sensitif terhadap radiasi yang bila dikenai radiasi akan menghasilkan respon, setiap jenis radiasi mempunyai mekanisme interaksi yang berbeda, suatu bahan detektor memiliki sensitivitas berbeda terhadap jenis dan energi radiasi. Penelitian yang berhubungan dengan racang bangun detektor radiasi sinar-x telah dilakukan oleh Sujadmoko dengan judul “Rancang Bangun Detektor Geiger Mueller”. Kesimpulan dari penelitiannya bahwa pembuatan detektor dinyatakan berhasil, terlihat dari panjang plateau yang lebih dari 200 volt dan slope yang kurang dari 10% per 100 volt. Detektor Geiger Mueller membutuhkan tegangan operasi yang besar antara sekitar 500volt sampai 1000volt, maka dari itu penulis melakukan rancang bangun sebuah prototipe detektor radiasi sinar-x untuk mendeteksi radiasi sinar-x, dengan metode kamar ionisasi (ionization chamber). Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan berhasil karena prototipe detektor radiasi sinar-x dapat mendeteksi adanya sumber radiasi sinar-x namun dengan jarak yang terbatas. Kata kunci: prototipe, detektor, radiasi, sinar-x, ionisasi, alat ukur

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