KRISTANTO, ASEP SETIA (2019) ANALISIS SISTEM PENDINGIN MENGGUNAKAN THERMOSTAT DAN TANPA THERMOSTAT DALAM PENCAPAIAN PANAS MESIN PADA ALAT UJI PRESTASI. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
The ideal working temperature of an engine ranges from 82 - 93 ⁰C. An engine cooling system is needed to reach and maintain an ideal working temperature of the engine. The engine cooling system is equipped with a thermostat to regulate the flow of cooling water so that the ideal heat of the engine can be reached and maintained. A malfunction thermostat will disrupt the cooling system process so that the engine can be overheated. When this happens, people usually took off the thermostat to stop the overheat engine. Most people don’t know that the absence of the thermostat in an engine cooling system makes the ideal working temperature of the engine difficult to reach, and will be more time consuming. This study aims to analyze the function of the cooling system with and without a thermostat to achieve the ideal working temperature of the diesel engine and evaluate the heat distribution of the engine and design an appropriate temperature control on the engine cooling system with the test media of the Hyundai Arya diesel engine type D4BB. The cooling system without thermostat can not reach the ideal working temperature of the engine within 10 minutes of testing time in rotation variations of 800 rpm, 1500 rpm and 2500 rpm. With a thermostat in the engine cooling system, the ideal working temperature of the engine can be achieved in 9 minutes with an average engine temperature of 86.0 ⁰C at 800 rpm, in 6 minutes with an average engine temperature of 83.5 ⁰C at 1500 rpm, and within 4 minutes with an average engine temperature of 81.7 ⁰C at 2500 rpm. The heat released by the cooling system without a thermostat is less than using a thermostat, with an average percentage of 55.7%. The engine cooling system without a thermostat makes the ideal working temperature of the engine difficult to reach and will be more time consuming. Otherwise, with a thermostat in the engine cooling system and precise engine temperature control will make the ideal working temperature of the engine more quickly achieved and can be maintained as long as the engine is operated. Keywords: Ideal working temperature, thermostat, rotation variations of 800 rpm, 1500 rpm and 2500 rpm. Temperatur kerja ideal suatu mesin berkisar antara 82 – 93 ⁰C. Untuk mendapatkan dan mempertahankan temperatur kerja ideal mesin dibutuhkan sistem pendingin mesin. Sistem pendingin mesin dilengkapi dengan thermostat yang berfungsi untuk mengatur aliran air pendingin sehingga panas ideal mesin segera tercapai dan dapat dipertahankan. Thermostat yang tidak berfungsi dengan baik akan menggangu kerja sistem pendingin sehingga dapat mengakibatkan overheat pada mesin. Kesalahan yang kerapkali terjadi, orang melepas thermostat untuk menghindari terjadinya overheat. Padahal, tanpa adanya thermostat pada sistem pendingin mesin membuat temperatur kerja ideal mesin sulit dan lama tercapai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis fungsi sistem pendingin dengan dan tanpa thermostat dalam pencapaian panas kerja ideal mesin diesel dan mengevaluasi pemerataan panas mesin serta merancang kontrol temperatur yang tepat pada sistem pendingin mesin dengan media uji Alat Uji Prestasi mesin diesel mobil Hyundai Arya tipe D4BB. Sistem pendingin tanpa thermostat tidak dapat mencapai panas kerja ideal mesin dalam 10 menit waktu pengujian, baik dalam variasi putaran 800 rpm, 1500 rpm dan 2500 rpm. Sebaliknya, dengan penggunaan thermostat pada sistem pendingin mesin, panas kerja ideal mesin dapat tercapai dalam waktu 9 menit dengan temperatur mesin rata – rata 86.0 ⁰C pada putaran mesin 800 rpm, dalam waktu 6 menit dengan temperatur mesin rata – rata 83.5 ⁰C pada putaran mesin 1500 rpm, dan dalam waktu 4 menit dengan temperatur mesin rata – rata 81.7 ⁰C pada putaran mesin 2500 rpm. Laju panas yang dilepas oleh sistem pendingin tanpa menggunakan thermostat lebih kecil nilainya dibandingkan dengan menggunakan thermostat yaitu dengan persentase rata – rata diangka 55.7%. Sistem pendingin mesin tanpa thermostat membuat panas kerja ideal mesin sulit dan lebih lama tercapai. Sebaliknya, adanya thermostat pada sistem pendingin mesin dan kontrol temperatur mesin yang tepat akan membuat panas kerja ideal mesin lebih cepat tercapai dan dapat terus dijaga sepanjang mesin dioperasikan. Kata Kunci: Panas kerja ideal mesin, thermostat, variasi putaran mesin 800 rpm, 1500 rpm dan 2500 rpm.
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