RANCANG BANGUN ALAT UKUR TEBAL MATERIAL MAIN CARBON STRIP PADA PANTOGRAF KERETA MRT JAKARTA BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER DAN SENSOR ULTRASONIC

WIBOWO, RADITYA CHANDRA (2020) RANCANG BANGUN ALAT UKUR TEBAL MATERIAL MAIN CARBON STRIP PADA PANTOGRAF KERETA MRT JAKARTA BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER DAN SENSOR ULTRASONIC. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Bekasi.

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Abstract

iv ABSTRAK Teknologi perkeretaapian di Indonesia mulai berkembang dengan adanya moda transportasi baru di Jakarta yaitu Moda Raya Terpadu (MRT) Jakarta. Moda transportasi baru ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi tingkat kemacetan yang ada di Jakarta. MRT Jakarta merupakan Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL) yang bergerak berdasarkan sistem propulsi motor listrik dengan sumber utama listrik 1500VDC yang disalurkan melalui pantograf dari listrik aliran atas (catenary). Pantograf pada KRL Pada proses perawatan bulanan dan harian pengukuran ketebalan main carbon strip dilakukan pada saat jadwal perawatan kereta, pengukuran saat ini menggunakan alat ukur penggaris. Pengukuran dengan menggunakan penggaris dinilai masih kurang presisi dan masih banyak terjadi kesalahan pengukuran memastikan kondisi kereta, sehingga diperlukan alat ukur yang dapat mengukur dengan tingkat ketelitian yang lebih presisi. Pada alat ukur yang dibuat ini menggunakan metode pendeteksi ultrasonic, dimana alat ini terdiri dari beberapa komponen yaitu dari transmitter , receiver gelombang ultrasonic dan up counter Transmitter dengan sensor ultrasonik pemancar khusus medium padat dan receiver sama dengan sensor. Gelombang ultrasonic yang dipancarkan ke rangkaian transmitter akan menembus permukaan benda dan dipantulkan kembali ke rangkaian receiver. Waktu tempuh menjalani gelombang ini diukur dengan menggunakan up-counter. Dalam hasil percobaan didapatkan ketelitian alat ukur ketebalan benda adalah 98,35 %, ketelitian sangat berpengaruh pada bahan obyek yang diukur dan posisi kerataan permukaan benda yang diukur, susunan material main carbon strip pada pantograf dengan cepat rambat gelombang 3450 m/s, penggunaan sensor ultrasonic thickness dapat menggantikan mistar sebagai alat ukur yang digunakan pada kegiatan pengukuran main carbon strip sebelumnya. Kata kunci: Mikrokontroler, Ultrasonic Thickness Sensor, Main carbon Strip ABSTRACT Railroad technology in Indonesia began to develop with the existence of a new mode of transportation in Jakarta, Mass Rpid Transit (MRT) Jakarta. This new mode of transportation is expected to reduce the level of congestion in Jakarta. Jakarta MRT is an Electric Rail Train that moves based on an electric motor propulsion system with a main source of 1500VDC electricity which is channeled through a pantograph from a catenary. During the monthly and daily maintenance process measurements of the main carbon strip thickness are carried out during the train maintenance schedule, the current measurements use a ruler gauge. Measurements using a ruler are judged to still lack precision and there are still many measurement errors to ensure the condition of the train, so we need a measuring tool that can measure with a more precise level of precision. The measuring device is made using an ultrasonic detection method, where the device consists of several components, namely from the transmitter, ultrasonic wave receiver and up counter Transmitter with a special ultrasonic transmitter and a solid medium and the receiver is the same as the sensor. Ultrasonic waves emitted into the transmitter circuit will penetrate the surface of the object and reflected back to the receiver circuit. Travel time through this wave is measured using an up-counter. the experimental results obtained the accuracy of measuring objects thickness is 98.35%, the accuracy is very influential on the material of the object being measured and the surface flatness of the object measured, the composition of the main carbon strip material on the pantograph with a wave velocity of 3450 m / s, the use of ultrasonic sensors thickness can replace the ruler as a measuring tool used in previous carbon strip measurements. Keywords: Microcontroller, Ultrasonic Thickness Sensor, Main carbon Strip

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