SHAFA, AZZIRA NAYANI (2026) ANALISIS KINERJA SISTEM PRODUKSI LISTRIK BERBASIS EFISIENSI DAN DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT. S1 thesis, Universitas Mercu Buana Jakarta.
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Abstract
Electricity demand in Indonesia continues to rise in line with industrial and population growth, while national electricity production still heavily relies on coalfired power plants (PLTU) using low-calorie coal (3,920–4,200 kcal/kg), which characteristically requires a larger amount of fuel to produce the same electricity output. This study aims to analyze the performance of the electricity production system in terms of energy efficiency and environmental impact using a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach with a gate-to-gate system boundary from the coal bunker to the generator, to identify critical processes (hotspots), and to formulate improvement alternatives that can support the sustainability of operations. This is a quantitative descriptive study using secondary operational data from the company for the period January–December 2025, with energy efficiency calculated using the Net Energy Ratio (NER) and Net Energy Value (NEV), and environmental impact analyzed using the ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint method in OpenLCA software, supported by contribution analysis and Pareto diagrams. The results show an NER value of 0.33 and an NEV of −26,678.68 Terajoule, indicating an energy deficit since energy output is smaller than energy input. Among the 18 LCIA impact categories, Global Warming was the highest impact (3.72196 kg CO2 eq), followed by Fossil Resource Scarcity (1.62881 kg oil eq). The boiler was identified as the main hotspot, contributing 44.92%, directly, while the boiler and turbine-generator together accounted for 83.17% of the total environmental impact. Biomass co-firing simulations at 10%, 20%, and 30% were able to reduce Global Warming emissions to as low as 3.22036 kg CO2 eq under the 30% scenario. It is concluded that the electricity production system has low energy efficiency, with the boiler as the top priority for improvement through the implementation of biomass co-firing to reduce environmental impact. Keywords: Life Cycle Assessment, energy efficiency, environmental impact, coalfired power plant, biomass co-firing Kebutuhan energi listrik di Indonesia terus meningkat seiring pertumbuhan industri dan penduduk, sementara produksi listrik nasional masih banyak ditopang oleh PLTU berbahan bakar batu bara kalori rendah (3.920–4.200 kcal/kg) yang memerlukan jumlah bahan bakar lebih besar untuk menghasilkan output listrik yang sama. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kinerja sistem produksi listrik dari aspek efisiensi energi dan dampak lingkungan menggunakan pendekatan Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) dengan batas sistem gate-to-gate dari coal bunker hingga generator, mengidentifikasi critical process (hotspot), serta merumuskan alternatif perbaikan untuk mendukung keberlanjutan operasional. Penelitian bersifat kuantitatif deskriptif menggunakan data sekunder operasional perusahaan periode Januari–Desember 2025, dengan perhitungan efisiensi energi melalui Net Energy Ratio (NER) dan Net Energy Value (NEV), serta analisis dampak lingkungan menggunakan metode ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint pada software OpenLCA yang dilengkapi contribution analysis dan diagram pareto. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai NER sebesar 0.33 dan NEV sebesar −26,678.68 Terajoule, yang mengindikasikan defisit energi. Dari 18 kategori dampak LCIA, Global Warming menjadi dampak tertinggi (3,72196 kg CO2 eq), diikuti Fossil Resource Scarcity (1,62881 kg oil eq). Boiler teridentifikasi sebagai hotspot utama dengan kontribusi 44.92%,sedangkan boiler bersama turbin-generator menyumbang 83.17% dampak total. Simulasi co-firing biomassa 10%–30% mampu menurunkan emisi Global Warming hingga 3,22036 kg CO2 eq pada skenario 30%. Disimpulkan sistem produksi listrik memiliki efisiensi energi rendah dengan boiler sebagai prioritas utama perbaikan melalui co-firing biomassa. Kata Kunci : Life Cycle Assessment, efisiensi energi, dampak lingkungan, PLTU batu bara, co-firing biomassa
| Item Type: | Thesis (S1) |
|---|---|
| NIM/NIDN Creators: | 41622010019 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Life Cycle Assessment, efisiensi energi, dampak lingkungan, PLTU batu bara, co-firing biomassa |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural Science and Mathematics/Ilmu-ilmu Alam dan Matematika > 530 Physics/Fisika > 537 Electricity/Fisika Listrik > 537.6 Electrodinamics, Electric Current/Elektrodinamik, Arus Listrik 600 Technology/Teknologi > 650 Management, Public Relations, Business and Auxiliary Service/Manajemen, Hubungan Masyarakat, Bisnis dan Ilmu yang Berkaitan > 658 General Management/Manajemen Umum > 658.5 Management of Production/Manajemen Produksi |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Industri |
| Depositing User: | khalimah |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Sep 2026 04:01 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Sep 2026 04:01 |
| URI: | http://repository.mercubuana.ac.id/id/eprint/104063 |
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